ALLMod: Exploring $\underline{\mathbf{A}}$rea-Efficiency of $\underline{\mathbf{L}}$UT-based $\underline{\mathbf{L}}$arge Number $\underline{\mathbf{Mod}}$ular Reduction via Hybrid Workloads

Fangxin Liu, Haomin Li, Zongwu Wang +5

Modular arithmetic, particularly modular reduction, is widely used in cryptographic applications such as homomorphic encryption (HE) and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP). High-bit-width…