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astro-ph.IM2026

Photometric classification and out-of-taxonomy detection of ZTF transients with FLARE

Argyro Sasli, Felipe Fontinele Nunes, Xuanrui Zhang +17

Photometric classifiers decide which of the million nightly alerts of time-domain surveys receive one of the few thousand spectra taken each year, and they are the first place wher…

astro-ph.IM2026

Probing Millisecond Optical Timescales with Continuous-Readout Mode Observations from ZTF

Shar Daniels, Federica Bianco, Igor Andreoni +6

The subminute-timescale phase space is an underexplored regime of the optical sky. Sub-second optical observations are difficult to accomplish with traditional CCD exposure-readout…

astro-ph.IM2026

Catching Disguised Transients with ASTRANet: Anomaly-Aware Spectroscopic Classification and Conformal Calibration

Argyro Sasli, Maojie Xu, Alexandra Junell +21

Time-domain surveys discover thousands of transients per year, but the spectroscopic identification of rare and physically peculiar objects remains rate-limited by closed-set class…

astro-ph.IM2026

Leveraging Multimodality for Real-Time Classification of Transients and Variables found by the Zwicky Transient Facility

Ved G. Shah, Nabeel Rehemtulla, Adam A. Miller +13

Modern time-domain surveys such as the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) generate hundreds of thousands of alerts each night, making real-time decisions for follow-up observations a…

astro-ph.IM2026

AstroAlertBench: Evaluating the Accuracy, Reasoning, and Honesty of Multimodal LLMs in Astronomical Classification

Claire Chen, Jiabao Sean Xiao, Shuze Daniel Liu +7

Modern astronomical observatories generate a massive volume of multimodal data, creating a critical bottleneck for expert human review. While multimodal large language models (LLMs…

astro-ph.IM2025

Pre-training vision models for the classification of alerts from wide-field time-domain surveys

Nabeel Rehemtulla, Adam A. Miller, Mike Walmsley +15

Modern wide-field time-domain surveys facilitate the study of transient, variable and moving phenomena by conducting image differencing and relaying alerts to their communities. Ma…

astro-ph.IM2025

AppleCiDEr. II. SpectraNet: A Spectroscopic Neural Network Classifier for Transients Demonstrated on ZTF Follow-up Data

Maojie Xu, Argyro Sasli, Alexandra Junell +21

Time-domain surveys such as the Zwicky Transient Facility have opened a new frontier in the discovery and characterization of transients. While photometric light curves provide bro…

astro-ph.IM2025

BOOM and Babamul: a real-time, multi-survey, optical alert broker system operating at scale

Theophile Jegou du Laz, Michael W. Coughlin, Peter Bachant +17

With the arrival of ever higher throughput wide-field surveys and a multitude of multi-messenger and multi-wavelength instruments to complement them, software capable of harnessing…

astro-ph.IM2025

Applying multimodal learning to Classify transient Detections Early (AppleCiDEr) I: Data set, methods, and infrastructure

Alexandra Junell, Argyro Sasli, Felipe Fontinele Nunes +18

Modern time-domain surveys like the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) generate hundreds of thousands to millions of alerts, demanding a…