4 papers · 1 filter
Improving Cross-Format Robustness in Language Models with Multi-Format Training
June M. Liu, Shaomian Zheng, He Cao +3
Large language models often remain sensitive to answer format: a question solved correctly in one form may fail in another semantically equivalent form. To study this gap, we defin…
Measuring language complexity from hierarchical reuse of recurring patterns
Junyi Zhou, Rui Liu, Pengyu Liu +1
We introduce the ladderpath index as a measure of language complexity grounded in algorithmic information theory. It counts the minimum steps needed to reconstruct a sequence throu…
GRIP: Geometric Refinement and Adaptive Information Potential for Data Efficiency
Changhao Wang, Jiaolong Yang, Xinhao Yao +7
The performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) is increasingly governed by data efficiency rather than raw scaling volume. However, existing selection methods often decouple globa…
Every Activation Boosted: Scaling General Reasoner to 1 Trillion Open Language Foundation
Ling Team, Ang Li, Ben Liu +138
We introduce Ling 2.0, a series reasoning-oriented language foundation built upon the principle that every activation boosts reasoning capability. Designed to scale from tens of bi…