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cs.CL2026

Better Decomposition, Free Aggregation: A Synthesizer-Folding Framework for Multilingual Multi-Hop Question Answering

Yilin Wang, Yuchun Fan, Weidong Bao +5

Multilingual retrieval-augmented generation (mRAG) equips large language models with access to globally distributed external knowledge for complex multilingual question answering.…

cs.CL2026

DF-ReAG: Dynamic Decomposition and Filtering for Multi-Hop Reasoning-Augmented Generation

Jiaoyang Li, Junhao Ruan, Shengwei Tang +4

Large language models (LLMs) often generate inaccurate answers due to their reliance on static internal knowledge. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) addresses this limitation by…

cs.CL2026

SPS: Steering Probability Squeezing for Better Exploration in Reinforcement Learning for Large Language Models

Yifu Huo, Chenglong Wang, Ziming Zhu +9

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for training reasoning-oriented models by leveraging rule-based reward signals. However, RL training typically tends…

cs.CL2026

On the Emotion Understanding of Synthesized Speech

Yuan Ge, Haishu Zhao, Aokai Hao +10

Emotion is a core paralinguistic feature in voice interaction. It is widely believed that emotion understanding models learn fundamental representations that transfer to synthesize…

cs.CL2026

APR: Penalizing Structural Redundancy in Large Reasoning Models via Anchor-based Process Rewards

Kaiyan Chang, Chenwei Zhu, Yingfeng Luo +7

Test-Time Scaling (TTS) has significantly enhanced the capabilities of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) but introduces a critical side-effect known as Overthinking. We conduct a preli…

cs.CL2025

Probing Preference Representations: A Multi-Dimensional Evaluation and Analysis Method for Reward Models

Chenglong Wang, Yifu Huo, Yang Gan +10

Previous methods evaluate reward models by testing them on a fixed pairwise ranking test set, but they typically do not provide performance information on each preference dimension…

cs.CL2025

MRO: Enhancing Reasoning in Diffusion Language Models via Multi-Reward Optimization

Chenglong Wang, Yang Gan, Hang Zhou +10

Recent advances in diffusion language models (DLMs) have presented a promising alternative to traditional autoregressive large language models (LLMs). However, DLMs still lag behin…

cs.CL2025

MTP-S2UT: Enhancing Speech-to-Speech Translation Quality with Multi-token Prediction

Jianjin Wang, Runsong Zhao, Xiaoqian Liu +6

Current direct speech-to-speech translation methods predominantly employ speech tokens as intermediate representations. However, a single speech token is not dense in semantics, so…

cs.CL2025

Autoencoding-Free Context Compression for LLMs via Contextual Semantic Anchors

Xin Liu, Runsong Zhao, Pengcheng Huang +7

Context compression is an advanced technique that accelerates large language model (LLM) inference by converting long inputs into compact representations. Existing methods primaril…

cs.CL2025

FLEXI: Benchmarking Full-duplex Human-LLM Speech Interaction

Yuan Ge, Saihan Chen, Jingqi Xiao +5

Full-Duplex Speech-to-Speech Large Language Models (LLMs) are foundational to natural human-computer interaction, enabling real-time spoken dialogue systems. However, benchmarking…