4 citations · 13 across the 17 of their papers we have counts for
19 papers
Indirect Geoeconomic Influence: A Switching Dynamical Systems Framework for Mechanism Design
Nikolos Gurney, Boxi Fu, Soham Hans +1
We develop a formal framework for analyzing indirect geoeconomic influence. The influencing state (sender) does not attempt to change a target nation's policy directly. Instead, th…
TRIBE: Predicting Team Performance via Communication Behavior Ensembles
Ali Jalal-Kamali, Nikolos Gurney, David V. Pynadath +1
Designing autonomous agents that effectively assist human teams hinges on understanding team dynamics, often without task specific knowledge. We present TRIBE, a domain independent…
The Theory of Mind Utility: A Formal Account of Mentalizing
Nikolos Gurney, Stacy Marsella
Inferring another person's beliefs requires reconstructing their information access history: what they encountered, in what order, from whom, and with what credibility. Existing fo…
A Causal Model of Theory of Mind in Conflict for Artificial Intelligence
Nikolos Gurney
Theory of mind (ToM), the capacity to ascribe mental states to others and use those ascriptions for prediction and inference, is widely assumed to be essential for effective human-…
Detecting Ambiguity Aversion in Cyberattack Behavior to Inform Cognitive Defense Strategies
Stephan Carney, Soham Hans, Sofia Hirschmann +4
Adversaries (hackers) attempting to infiltrate networks frequently face uncertainty in their operational environments. This research explores the ability to model and detect when t…
Guarding Against Malicious Biased Threats (GAMBiT): Experimental Design of Cognitive Sensors and Triggers with Behavioral Impact Analysis
Brandon Beltz, Po-Yu Chen, James Doty +16
This paper introduces GAMBiT (Guarding Against Malicious Biased Threats), a cognitive-informed cyber defense framework that leverages deviations from human rationality as a new def…
Security Logs to ATT&CK Insights: Leveraging LLMs for High-Level Threat Understanding and Cognitive Trait Inference
Soham Hans, Stacy Marsella, Sophia Hirschmann +1
Understanding adversarial behavior in cybersecurity has traditionally relied on high-level intelligence reports and manual interpretation of attack chains. However, real-time defen…
Risk Psychology & Cyber-Attack Tactics
Rubens Kim, Stephan Carney, Yvonne Fonken +5
We examine whether measured cognitive processes predict cyber-attack behavior. We analyzed data that included psychometric scale responses and labeled attack behaviors from cyberse…
Guarding Against Malicious Biased Threats (GAMBiT) Experiments: Revealing Cognitive Bias in Human-Subjects Red-Team Cyber Range Operations
Brandon Beltz, Jim Doty, Yvonne Fonken +9
We present three large-scale human-subjects red-team cyber range datasets from the Guarding Against Malicious Biased Threats (GAMBiT) project. Across Experiments 1-3 (July 2024-Mar…
Quantifying Loss Aversion in Cyber Adversaries via LLM Analysis
Soham Hans, Nikolos Gurney, Stacy Marsella +1
Understanding and quantifying human cognitive biases from empirical data has long posed a formidable challenge, particularly in cybersecurity, where defending against unknown adver…
Beyond Predictions: A Study of AI Strength and Weakness Transparency Communication on Human-AI Collaboration
Tina Behzad, Nikolos Gurney, Ning Wang +1
The promise of human-AI teaming lies in humans and AI working together to achieve performance levels neither could accomplish alone. Effective communication between AI and humans i…
Detecting AI Assistance in Abstract Complex Tasks
Tyler King, Nikolos Gurney, John H. Miller +1
Detecting assistance from artificial intelligence is increasingly important as they become ubiquitous across complex tasks such as text generation, medical diagnosis, and autonomou…
Predicting Team Performance from Communications in Simulated Search-and-Rescue
Ali Jalal-Kamali, Nikolos Gurney, David Pynadath
Understanding how individual traits influence team performance is valuable, but these traits are not always directly observable. Prior research has inferred traits like trust from…
PsybORG+: Modeling and Simulation for Detecting Cognitive Biases in Advanced Persistent Threats
Shuo Huang, Fred Jones, Nikolos Gurney +5
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) bring significant challenges to cybersecurity due to their sophisticated and stealthy nature. Traditional cybersecurity measures fail to defend a…
Operational Collective Intelligence of Humans and Machines
Nikolos Gurney, Fred Morstatter, David V. Pynadath +2
We explore the use of aggregative crowdsourced forecasting (ACF) as a mechanism to help operationalize ``collective intelligence'' of human-machine teams for coordinated actions. W…
Spontaneous Theory of Mind for Artificial Intelligence
Nikolos Gurney, David V. Pynadath, Volkan Ustun
Existing approaches to Theory of Mind (ToM) in Artificial Intelligence (AI) overemphasize prompted, or cue-based, ToM, which may limit our collective ability to develop Artificial…
Comparing Psychometric and Behavioral Predictors of Compliance During Human-AI Interactions
Nikolos Gurney, David V. Pynadath, Ning Wang
Optimization of human-AI teams hinges on the AI's ability to tailor its interaction to individual human teammates. A common hypothesis in adaptive AI research is that minor differe…
My Actions Speak Louder Than Your Words: When User Behavior Predicts Their Beliefs about Agents' Attributes
Nikolos Gurney, David Pynadath, Ning Wang
An implicit expectation of asking users to rate agents, such as an AI decision-aid, is that they will use only relevant information -- ask them about an agent's benevolence, and th…
The Role of Heuristics and Biases During Complex Choices with an AI Teammate
Nikolos Gurney, John H. Miller, David V. Pynadath
Behavioral scientists have classically documented aversion to algorithmic decision aids, from simple linear models to AI. Sentiment, however, is changing and possibly accelerating…