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physics.space-ph2026
Empirical Relationship for Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GIC) and Solar Wind Conditions
Dean Thomas, Lucy A. Wilkerson, Robert S. Weigel +2
Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) during extreme space weather events represent a critical hazard to modern infrastructure, including electrical power grids, telecommunicatio…
physics.space-ph2026
C-SWIM: A Coupled Space Weather Impact Model for Satellite Fleet Vulnerability and Economic Loss Under a 1-in-100-Year Solar Energetic Particle Event
D. Bor, E. J. Oughton, R. S. Weigel +4
Modern economies depend critically on satellite infrastructure, yet the aggregate economic consequences of extreme solar energetic particle (SEP) events have not been rigorously as…
physics.space-ph2025
Brace for Impact: A Review of Mitigation Decisions of Critical Infrastructure Operators During the 2024 Solar Maximum
Caitlin LaNeve, Edward J Oughton, Noah Rivera +4
The Gannon Storm in May 2024 was the largest space weather event experienced in 20 years, generating auroras latitudes as low as 35°. Such activity can pose significant operational…