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cs.LG2025
How and Why LLMs Generalize: A Fine-Grained Analysis of LLM Reasoning from Cognitive Behaviors to Low-Level Patterns
Haoyue Bai, Yiyou Sun, Wenjie Hu +5
Large Language Models (LLMs) display strikingly different generalization behaviors: supervised fine-tuning (SFT) often narrows capability, whereas reinforcement-learning (RL) tunin…
cs.LG2025
Retrieval-Augmented Generation as Noisy In-Context Learning: A Unified Theory and Risk Bounds
Yang Guo, Yutian Tao, Yifei Ming +2
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has seen many empirical successes in recent years by aiding the LLM with external knowledge. However, its theoretical aspect has remained mostl…