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20242026
most citedGhost Echoes Revealed: Benchmarking Maintainability Metrics and Machine Learning Predictions Against Human Assessments

1 citations · 1 across the 6 of their papers we have counts for

collaborators

9 papers

cs.SE2026

CodeHealth Predicts the Token Cost of Agentic Code Review: A Pre-Registered Study of 465 Agent-Authored Pull Requests

Lo Gullstrand Heander, Markus Borg, Emma Söderberg +1

Context: Organizations increasingly delegate code review to multi-agent large language model (LLM) pipelines billed per token. Low code quality raises human maintenance effort, but…

cs.SE2026

Code Health in LLM-Based Test Generation: Effectiveness and Token Efficiency

Freya Wirdemann, Markus Borg, Nadim Hagatulah +1

Coding agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) are now prominent in software engineering. Previous work has shown that AI tools perform better on high-quality source code th…

cs.SE2026

Technical Debt Friction for Maintenance Prioritization: An Industrial Multi-Case Study

Simeon Tverdal, Phu Nguyen, Arda Goknil +3

Software-intensive organizations need effective ways to identify where maintenance and refactoring efforts will yield the greatest practical benefit. Although software analytics su…

cs.SE2026

Code for Machines, Not Just Humans: Quantifying AI-Friendliness with Code Health Metrics

Markus Borg, Nadim Hagatulah, Adam Tornhill +1

We are entering a hybrid era in which human developers and AI coding agents work in the same codebases. While industry practice has long optimized code for human comprehension, it…

cs.SE2025

ACE: Automated Technical Debt Remediation with Validated Large Language Model Refactorings

Adam Tornhill, Markus Borg, Nadim Hagatulah +1

The remarkable advances in AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled machines to write code, accelerating the growth of software systems. However, the bottleneck in software…

cs.SE2025

Echoes of AI: Investigating the Downstream Effects of AI Assistants on Software Maintainability

Markus Borg, Dave Hewett, Nadim Hagatulah +5

[Context] AI assistants, like GitHub Copilot and Cursor, are transforming software engineering. While several studies highlight productivity improvements, their impact on maintaina…

cs.SE2024

Industrial Code Quality Benchmarks: Toward Gamification of Software Maintainability

Markus Borg, Amogha Udayakumar, Adam Tornhill

Software maintainability is essential for long-term success in the software industry. Despite widespread evidence of the high costs associated with poor maintainability, market pre…

cs.SE2024

Does Co-Development with AI Assistants Lead to More Maintainable Code? A Registered Report

Markus Borg, Dave Hewett, Donald Graham +4

[Background/Context] AI assistants like GitHub Copilot are transforming software engineering; several studies have highlighted productivity improvements. However, their impact on c…

cs.SE2024★ 1 cited

Ghost Echoes Revealed: Benchmarking Maintainability Metrics and Machine Learning Predictions Against Human Assessments

Markus Borg, Marwa Ezzouhri, Adam Tornhill

As generative AI is expected to increase global code volumes, the importance of maintainability from a human perspective will become even greater. Various methods have been develop…