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cs.RO2026

Language2Drive: Do Vision-Language-Action Models Really Follow the Instructions in Autonomous Driving?

Zihan You, Zehua Fan, Wenqi Lyu +19

Recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models increasingly use natural-language instructions to condition autonomous driving behavior. Yet existing closed-loop benchmarks primarily me…

cs.RO2026

TacDyn-WAM: Learning Implicit Tactile Dynamics in a Heterogeneous Visuo-Tactile World Action Model

Enyi Wang, Mingxin Wang, Quan Shi +12

World action models improve robotic manipulation by conditioning actions on predicted futures, yet existing tactile variants largely inherit video-generation pipelines that reconst…

cs.RO2026

Discrete Forcing: Infusing Discrete Guidance into Continuous Denoising for Few-Step Action Experts

Jingbo Wang, Wenxuan Song, Wenhao Yu +6

Efficient action generation in vision-language-action (VLA) models requires capturing both coarse action structure and fine-grained details. Discrete action tokens provide compact…

cs.RO2026

World4Scorer: Outcome-Grounded World Modeling for Autonomous Driving

Jieyuan Pei, Meiyi Lu, Sining Ang +12

Autonomous driving requires choosing a safe and efficient plan as surrounding traffic evolves. Generate-and-select planners propose multiple trajectories and score them for executi…

cs.RO2026

StageWAM: Joint-Embedding Stage Prediction for World-Action Models in Robot Manipulation

Xiao Liu, Yuguang Yang, Xi Wang +6

Generalist robot policies aim to map multimodal observations and linguistic task instructions to actions across diverse tasks. However, existing methods typically represent the fut…

cs.RO2026

4D-WAM: Infusing Spatiotemporal Awareness into World Action Models through Trajectory Fields

Lishan Yang, Wenxuan Song, Xi Wang +14

Building on recent advances in world models, World Action Models (WAMs) jointly model video prediction and action generation. However, they typically represent videos in 2D pixel s…

cs.RO2026

JEPA-WAM: Learning Vision-Language-Action Policies with Joint-Embedding World Modeling

Yihan Lin, Jiawei He, Shifeng Bao +6

Robust robot control benefits from explicitly modeling state transitions, but video-generation world action models (WAMs) introduce substantial deployment cost. Existing latent WAM…

cs.RO2026

Adaptive-WAM: Quality-Guided Early-Exit Planning from Intermediate Video-Diffusion Features

Sining Ang, Yuguang Yang, Yan Wang

Large video diffusion models provide rich spatiotemporal priors for autonomous driving, but existing world-action models often inherit the cost of iterative future-video generation…

cs.RO2026

ST-WAM: Semantic-Temporal World Action Model for Robust Manipulation under Visual Distribution Shifts

Mingxin Wang, Bin Hu, Bin Qian +12

World Action Models (WAMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm by jointly modeling robot actions and future visual dynamics. However, their reliance on pixel-generative future sup…

cs.RO2026

CLOVER: Closed-Loop Value Estimation and Ranking for End-to-End Autonomous Driving Planning

Sining Ang, Yuguang Yang, Canyu Chen +1

End-to-end autonomous driving planners are commonly trained by imitating a single logged trajectory, yet evaluated by rule-based planning metrics that measure safety, feasibility,…

cs.RO2026

RoboMemArena: A Comprehensive and Challenging Robotic Memory Benchmark

Huashuo Lei, Wenxuan Song, Huarui Zhang +10

Memory is a critical component of robotic intelligence, as robots must rely on past observations and actions to accomplish long-horizon tasks in partially observable environments.…

cs.RO2026

DFM-VLA: Iterative Action Refinement for Robot Manipulation via Discrete Flow Matching

Jiayi Chen, Wenxuan Song, Jiaxin Fang +12

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models that encode actions using a discrete tokenization scheme have been widely adopted for robotic manipulation, but existing decoding paradigms rema…

cs.RO2026

From Representational Complementarity to Dual Systems: Synergizing VLM and Vision-Only Backbones for End-to-End Driving

Sining Ang, Yuguang Yang, Chenxu Dang +8

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) driving augments end-to-end (E2E) planning with language-enabled visual backbones, but how VLM representations differ from vision-only encoders after p…