most citedProcess Reward Models That Think

2 citations · 2 across the 8 of their papers we have counts for

collaborators

9 papers

cs.CR2026

Covert Assistance: Helpful LLM Agents Evade Oversight in Multi-Agent Systems

Deema Alnuhait, Gengyu Wang, Muhammad Khalifa +1

As multi-agent systems enter high-stakes domains, the possibility that agents may circumvent safety boundaries is a growing concern. Prior work has examined this risk primarily in…

cs.AI2026

CausaLab: A Scalable Environment for Interactive Causal Discovery Toward AI Scientists

Junlin Yang, Dylan Zhang, Xiangchen Song +7

We introduce CausaLab, a scalable environment for evaluating interactive causal discovery by LLM agents. Unlike prior evaluations, CausaLab evaluates both whether an agent can solv…

cs.CL2026

Towards a Universal Causal Reasoner

Qirun Dai, Xiao Liu, Jiawei Zhang +3

Despite the importance of causal reasoning, training LLMs to reason causally remains underexplored. Existing data efforts mostly focus on benchmarking LLMs on specific aspects of c…

cs.LG2026

AgentSlimming: Towards Efficient and Cost-Aware Multi-Agent Systems

Yulang Chen, Haoxuan Peng, Jinyan Liu +3

Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex tasks. However, manually designing optimal communication topologies is lab…

cs.AI2026

Useful Memories Become Faulty When Continuously Updated by LLMs

Dylan Zhang, Yanshan Lin, Zhengkun Wu +4

Learning from past experience benefits from two complementary forms of memory: episodic traces -- raw trajectories of what happened -- and consolidated abstractions distilled acros…

cs.CL2026

Improving Clinical Diagnosis with Counterfactual Multi-Agent Reasoning

Zhiwen You, Xi Chen, Aniket Vashishtha +5

Clinical diagnosis is a complex reasoning process in which clinicians gather evidence, form hypotheses, and test them against alternative explanations. In medical training, this re…

cs.LG2026

Countdown-Code: A Testbed for Studying The Emergence and Generalization of Reward Hacking in RLVR

Muhammad Khalifa, Zohaib Khan, Omer Tafveez +2

Reward hacking is a form of misalignment in which models overoptimize proxy rewards without genuinely solving the underlying task. Precisely measuring reward hacking occurrence rem…

cs.AI2026

Gaming the Judge: Unfaithful Chain-of-Thought Can Undermine Agent Evaluation

Muhammad Khalifa, Lajanugen Logeswaran, Jaekyeom Kim +6

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as judges to evaluate agent performance, particularly in non-verifiable settings where judgments rely on agent trajectories inclu…

cs.LG2025★ 2 cited

Process Reward Models That Think

Muhammad Khalifa, Rishabh Agarwal, Lajanugen Logeswaran +5

Step-by-step verifiers -- also known as process reward models (PRMs) -- are a key ingredient for test-time scaling. PRMs require step-level supervision, making them expensive to tr…