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cs.CL2026

ArenaFlow: From Trajectory Ranking to Hierarchical Credit Propagation for Open-Ended Agent RL

Qiang Zhang, Ruixue Ding, Fanrui Zhang +9

Reinforcement learning has substantially improved large language model (LLM) agents in verifiable domains, but remains difficult to apply to open-ended agent tasks, where solutions…

cs.CL2026

What Makes an LLM a Good Optimizer? A Trajectory Analysis of LLM-Guided Evolutionary Search

Xinhao Zhang, Xi Chen, François Portet +1

Recent work has demonstrated the promise of orchestrating large language models (LLMs) within evolutionary and agentic optimization systems. However, the mechanisms driving these o…

cs.CL2026

AgentCollab: A Self-Evaluation-Driven Collaboration Paradigm for Efficient LLM Agents

Wenbo Gao, Renxi Liu, Xian Wang +8

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) perform complex tasks through long-horizon reasoning and tool interaction, where a fundamental trade-off arises between ex…

cs.CL2026

Reward-free Alignment for Conflicting Objectives

Peter Chen, Xiaopeng Li, Xi Chen +1

Direct alignment methods are increasingly used to align large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, many real-world alignment problems involve multiple conflictin…

cs.CL2025

ComPO: Preference Alignment via Comparison Oracles

Peter Chen, Xi Chen, Wotao Yin +1

Direct alignment methods are increasingly used for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, these methods suffer from the issues of verbosity and like…