23 citations · 24 across the 22 of their papers we have counts for
26 papers
Big-Big-SycoBench: A Benchmark to Detect Sycophancy Through Model Responses to Valid vs. Invalid Arguments
Marthe Ballon, Arne Vanhoyweghen, Seorin Kim +11
Sycophancy in large language models risks amplifying unsupported claims or beliefs across the knowledge ecosystem as these systems increasingly contribute to research synthesis, ev…
Polynomial families of incident flags and explicit off-diagonal Ramsey graphs
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken
We construct explicit off-diagonal Ramsey graphs from polynomial families of incident point--hyperplane flags. Universal interpolation translates the exact dimension of ordered cli…
A proof of the Karpelevič theorem via invariant polygons
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken, Vincent Ginis
The Karpelevič theorem describes the complex numbers that occur as eigenvalues of stochastic matrices of a fixed order. We give a self-contained proof based on invariant polygons.…
Powerful multiplicative groups do not force right nilpotence in finite braces
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken
For every odd prime , we construct a finite left brace of order whose additive group is elementary abelian and whose multiplicative group is a powerful $p…
Stochastic realisers of non-degenerate full-degree Type II reduced Ito polynomials
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken, Vincent Ginis
Let , where , , , , and . These are the non-degenerate full-degree Type II reduced Ito polynomials…
The Eigenvalue Region of a Family of Markov Chains with Randomness Confined to Two States
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken, Vincent Ginis
We determine the complete eigenvalue region of the following Markov chains on states, for . The states are and . Each transitio…
Cyclic-by-abelian counterexamples to the second and third Zassenhaus conjectures
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken
Let with . We construct a finite group , where and , together with an augmentation-preservin…
The N-Prime Graph Question is equivalent to the Prime Graph Question
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken
Let be a finite group and let be the group of normalized units of its integral group ring. We prove that every -prime arc of either already o…
The Type III realisation conjecture of Kirkland and Šmigoc
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken, Vincent Ginis
Kirkland and Šmigoc constructed a family of stochastic matrices realising the Type III boundary polynomials in the Karpelevič region and conjectured that, conversely, every stochas…
Thinking Like a Scientist? A Structural Study of LLM-Generated Research Methods
Francesca Carlon, Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken +2
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to guide research methodology, yet their default methodological tendencies under minimal prompting remain unclear. Here, we promp…
On the Spectral Region of 4-Cycle Stochastic Matrices
Brando Vagenende, Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken +2
We study the spectrum of 4-cycle row-stochastic matrices. For real eigenvalues the spectral region is [-1,1]. For nonreal eigenvalues a+ib we derive necessary conditions in terms o…
On the Spectral Region of n-Cycle Stochastic Matrices
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken, Vincent Ginis
For every , we determine the union of the spectra of row-stochastic matrices supported on a directed -cycle with self-loops and strictly positive cycle edges. These matr…
Neutrino Fingerprints: Image-Based Encodings of IceCube Events for CNN Direction Reconstruction
Floriano Tori, Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken +1
Reconstructing the direction of incoming neutrinos in the IceCube Neutrino Observatory is an important problem in astrophysics. The public IceCube--Neutrinos in Deep Ice Kaggle com…
Nonnegativity of the second largest eigenvalue of tridiagonal stochastic matrices
Brando Vagenende, Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken +1
The spectral study of nonnegative and more specifically stochastic matrices is an important topic in matrix theory. In this paper, we prove a conjecture, formulated by Ran and Teng…
Scalable Classification of Course Information Sheets Using Large Language Models: A Reusable Institutional Method for Academic Quality Assurance
Brecht F. Verbeken, Brecht Verbeken, Joke Van den Broeck +5
Purpose: Higher education institutions face increasing pressure to audit course designs for generative AI (GenAI) integration. This paper presents an end-to-end method for using la…
Human-in-the-Loop LLM Grading for Handwritten Mathematics Assessments
Arne Vanhoyweghen, Vincent Holst, Melika Mobini +10
Providing timely and individualised feedback on handwritten student work is highly beneficial for learning but difficult to achieve at scale. This challenge has become more pressin…
Early Evidence of Vibe-Proving with Consumer LLMs: A Case Study on Spectral Region Characterization with ChatGPT-5.2 (Thinking)
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken, Brando Vagenende +3
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as scientific copilots, but evidence on their role in research-level mathematics remains limited, especially for workflows access…
Probing the Trajectories of Reasoning Traces in Large Language Models
Marthe Ballon, Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken +2
Large language models (LLMs) increasingly solve difficult problems by producing "reasoning traces" before emitting a final response. However, it remains unclear how accuracy and de…
Benchmarks Saturate When The Model Gets Smarter Than The Judge
Marthe Ballon, Andres Algaba, Brecht Verbeken +2
Benchmarks are important tools to track progress in the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet inaccuracies in datasets and evaluation methods consistently undermine thei…
Estimating problem difficulty without ground truth using Large Language Model comparisons
Marthe Ballon, Andres Algaba, Brecht Verbeken +2
Recent advances in the finetuning of large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved their performance on established benchmarks, emphasizing the need for increasingly dif…
Metro 3 in Brussels under uncertainty: scenario-based public transport accessibility analysis
Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken, Arne Vanhoyweghen +1
Metro Line 3 in Brussels is one of Europe's most debated infrastructure projects, marked by escalating costs, delays, and uncertainty over completion. Yet no public accessibility a…
Lexical Hints of Accuracy in LLM Reasoning Chains
Arne Vanhoyweghen, Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken +2
Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) with reinforcement learning to produce an explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) before answering produces models that consistently raise overall…
How Deep Do Large Language Models Internalize Scientific Literature and Citation Practices?
Andres Algaba, Vincent Holst, Floriano Tori +5
The spread of scientific knowledge depends on how researchers discover and cite previous work. The adoption of large language models (LLMs) in the scientific research process intro…
Eigenvalue regions and realising monotone stochastic matrices
Brando Vagenende, Brecht Verbeken, Brecht F. Verbeken +1
Eigenvalues of stochastic matrices have been studied from two complementary perspectives. The individual eigenvalues are characterised through the well-established Karpelevich regi…