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20232026
most citedCroissantLLM: A Truly Bilingual French-English Language Model

8 citations · 9 across the 9 of their papers we have counts for

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cs.CL2026

BidirLM: From Text to Omnimodal Bidirectional Encoders by Adapting and Composing Causal LLMs

Nicolas Boizard, Théo Deschamps-Berger, Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef +2

Transforming causal generative language models into bidirectional encoders offers a powerful alternative to BERT-style architectures. However, current approaches remain limited: th…

cs.CL2026

BERT-as-a-Judge: A Robust Alternative to Lexical Methods for Efficient Reference-Based LLM Evaluation

Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef, Nicolas Boizard, Emmanuel Malherbe +2

Accurate evaluation is central to the large language model (LLM) ecosystem, guiding model selection and downstream adoption across diverse use cases. In practice, however, evaluati…

cs.CL2026

EuroLLM-22B: Technical Report

Miguel Moura Ramos, Duarte M. Alves, Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef +15

This report presents EuroLLM-22B, a large language model trained from scratch to support the needs of European citizens by covering all 24 official European Union languages and 11…

cs.CL2025

Scale or Reason? A Compute-Equivalent Analysis of Reasoning Distillation

Nicolas Boizard, Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef, Kevin El Haddad +2

Distilling reasoning traces from strong teacher models has become the standard recipe for building capable small language models. Yet reasoning traces are 5-20 longer than…

cs.CL2025

Should We Still Pretrain Encoders with Masked Language Modeling?

Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef, Nicolas Boizard, Manuel Faysse +5

Learning high-quality text representations is fundamental to a wide range of NLP tasks. While encoder pretraining has traditionally relied on Masked Language Modeling (MLM), recent…

cs.CL2025

EuroBERT: Scaling Multilingual Encoders for European Languages

Nicolas Boizard, Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef, Duarte M. Alves +16

General-purpose multilingual vector representations, used in retrieval, regression and classification, are traditionally obtained from bidirectional encoder models. Despite their w…

cs.CL2024

Towards Cross-Tokenizer Distillation: the Universal Logit Distillation Loss for LLMs

Nicolas Boizard, Kevin El Haddad, Céline Hudelot +1

Deploying large language models (LLMs) of several billion parameters can be impractical in most industrial use cases due to constraints such as cost, latency limitations, and hardw…

cs.CL2024★ 8 cited

CroissantLLM: A Truly Bilingual French-English Language Model

Manuel Faysse, Patrick Fernandes, Nuno M. Guerreiro +13

We introduce CroissantLLM, a 1.3B language model pretrained on a set of 3T English and French tokens, to bring to the research and industrial community a high-performance, fully op…