most citedGLM-4.5: Agentic, Reasoning, and Coding (ARC) Foundation Models

4 citations · 4 across the 9 of their papers we have counts for

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cs.LG2026

The Variance of Thought: Policy Variance, Critical Forks, and Local Credit Assignment

Yingru Li

Long-horizon language-model tasks --- multi-step reasoning and tool-using agents alike --- are limited by credit assignment. We analyze it through the policy variance $σ_π^2(s)=\op…

cs.LG2026

Dr. Kernel: Reinforcement Learning Done Right for Triton Kernel Generations

Wei Liu, Jiawei Xu, Yingru Li +4

High-quality kernel is critical for scalable AI systems, and enabling LLMs to generate such code would advance AI development. However, training LLMs for this task requires suffici…

cs.LG2026

Beyond Precision: Training-Inference Mismatch is an Optimization Problem and Simple LR Scheduling Fixes It

Yaxiang Zhang, Yingru Li, Jiacai Liu +4

Reinforcement Learning (RL) for training Large Language Models is notoriously unstable. While recent studies attribute this to "training inference mismatch stemming" from inconsist…

cs.LG2026

The Optimal Token Baseline: Variance Reduction for Long-Horizon LLM-RL

Yingru Li, Jiawei Xu, Ziniu Li +10

Reinforcement Learning (RL) for Large Language Models (LLMs) often suffers from training collapse in long-horizon tasks due to exploding gradient variance. To mitigate this, a base…

cs.LG2025

A Note on Hybrid Online Reinforcement and Imitation Learning for LLMs: Formulations and Algorithms

Yingru Li, Ziniu Li, Jiacai Liu

We present a unified framework for Large Language Model (LLM) fine-tuning that integrates Imitation Learning and Reinforcement Learning. By analyzing the gradient of a composite ob…

cs.LG2025

Dynamic Vocabulary Pruning: Stable LLM-RL by Taming the Tail

Yingru Li, Jiawei Xu, Jiacai Liu +6

Reinforcement Learning (RL) for Large Language Models (LLMs) faces a fundamental tension: the numerical divergence between high-throughput inference engines and numerically precise…

cs.LG2025

Trust Region Masking for Long-Horizon LLM Reinforcement Learning

Yingru Li, Jiacai Liu, Jiawei Xu +4

Policy gradient methods for Large Language Models optimize a policy via a surrogate objective computed from samples of a rollout policy . However, modern LLM…

cs.LG2025

Harnessing Uncertainty: Entropy-Modulated Policy Gradients for Long-Horizon LLM Agents

Jiawei Wang, Jiacai Liu, Yuqian Fu +7

In long-horizon tasks, recent agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) face a significant challenge that sparse, outcome-based rewards make it difficult to assign credit to int…