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20242026
most citedRefusal Tokens: A Simple Way to Calibrate Refusals in Large Language Models

1 citations · 2 across the 16 of their papers we have counts for

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17 papers

cs.AI2026

How To Train Your World Model: Fine-tuning vs RAG for LM-based World Modeling

Dhananjay Ashok, Shantanu Agarwal, Vivek Datla +2

World models (WMs) simulate the transition dynamics of environments, enabling agents to plan over the consequences of their actions. In text-based environments, fine-tuning a Langu…

cs.CL2026

VerTox: Verifiable Reward-Guided Corpus Poisoning Against Neural Ranking Models

Zhiqi Huang, Vivek Datla, Zhichao Xu +3

Neural ranking models have become core components of modern information retrieval systems and important building blocks of AI systems such as retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) p…

cs.AI2026

Large Databases Need Small, Open-Weight Language Models

Parker Glenn, Alfy Samuel

Language model systems built around proprietary APIs often operate on a token-based cost model. This becomes prohibitively expensive in the context of large databases, where LM-enh…

cs.CL2026

Sampling More, Getting Less: Calibration is the Diversity Bottleneck in LLMs

Amin Banayeeanzade, Qingchuan Yang, Dhruv Tarsadiya +6

Diversity is essential for language-model applications ranging from creative generation to scientific discovery, yet modern LLMs often collapse into a narrow subset of plausible ou…

cs.CL2026

Alignment-Weighted DPO: A principled reasoning approach to improve safety alignment

Mengxuan Hu, Vivek V. Datla, Anoop Kumar +4

Recent advances in alignment techniques such as Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have impro…

cs.CL2026

EPSVec: Efficient and Private Synthetic Data Generation via Dataset Vectors

Amin Banayeeanzade, Qingchuan Yang, Deqing Fu +6

High-quality data is essential for modern machine learning, yet many valuable corpora are sensitive and cannot be freely shared. Synthetic data offers a practical substitute for do…

cs.CL2026

Lessons from the Field: An Adaptable Lifecycle Approach to Applied Dialogue Summarization

Kushal Chawla, Chenyang Zhu, Pengshan Cai +9

Summarization of multi-party dialogues is a critical capability in industry, enhancing knowledge transfer and operational effectiveness across many domains. However, automatically…

cs.CL2025★ 1 cited

LLM Optimization Unlocks Real-Time Pairwise Reranking

Jingyu Wu, Aditya Shrivastava, Jing Zhu +3

Efficiently reranking documents retrieved from information retrieval (IR) pipelines to enhance overall quality of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system remains an important y…

cs.CL2025

Uncertainty as Feature Gaps: Epistemic Uncertainty Quantification of LLMs in Contextual Question-Answering

Yavuz Bakman, Sungmin Kang, Zhiqi Huang +8

Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) research has primarily focused on closed-book factual question answering (QA), while contextual QA remains unexplored, despite its importance in rea…

cs.CL2025

Readability Reconsidered: A Cross-Dataset Analysis of Reference-Free Metrics

Catarina G Belem, Parker Glenn, Alfy Samuel +2

Automatic readability assessment plays a key role in ensuring effective and accessible written communication. Despite significant progress, the field is hindered by inconsistent de…

cs.CL2025

A Comparison of Independent and Joint Fine-tuning Strategies for Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Neal Gregory Lawton, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar +1

A Comparison of Independent and Joint Fine-tuning Strategies for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Download PDF Neal Gregory Lawton, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar, Daben Liu Published: 20…

cs.CL2025

Confidence-Based Response Abstinence: Improving LLM Trustworthiness via Activation-Based Uncertainty Estimation

Zhiqi Huang, Vivek Datla, Chenyang Zhu +4

We propose a method for confidence estimation in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems that aligns closely with the correctness of large language model (LLM) outputs. Confid…

cs.CL2025

Improving Consistency in Retrieval-Augmented Systems with Group Similarity Rewards

Faisal Hamman, Chenyang Zhu, Anoop Kumar +4

RAG systems are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains where users expect outputs to be consistent across semantically equivalent queries. However, existing systems often exh…

cs.CL2025

Play by the Type Rules: Inferring Constraints for LLM Functions in Declarative Programs

Parker Glenn, Alfy Samuel, Daben Liu

Integrating LLM powered operators in declarative query languages allows for the combination of cheap and interpretable functions with powerful, generalizable language model reasoni…

cs.CL2025

TruthTorchLM: A Comprehensive Library for Predicting Truthfulness in LLM Outputs

Duygu Nur Yaldiz, Yavuz Faruk Bakman, Sungmin Kang +9

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs)inevitably produce untruthful responses. Accurately predicting the truthfulness of these outputs is critical, especially in high-stakes setti…

cs.CL2025

FB-RAG: Improving RAG with Forward and Backward Lookup

Kushal Chawla, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar +1

Traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) struggles with complex queries that lack strong signals to retrieve the most relevant context, forcing a trade-off between choosing…

cs.LG2024★ 1 cited

Refusal Tokens: A Simple Way to Calibrate Refusals in Large Language Models

Neel Jain, Aditya Shrivastava, Chenyang Zhu +6

A key component of building safe and reliable language models is enabling the models to appropriately refuse to follow certain instructions or answer certain questions. We may want…