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20242026
most citedReasoning Beyond Language: A Comprehensive Survey on Latent Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

1 citations · 1 across the 19 of their papers we have counts for

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19 papers

cs.CL2026

Post-Training Shifts Confidence: A Three-Stage Analysis of How SFT, RL, and OPD Shape CoT Calibration

Shuhao Li, Guodong Du, Anhao Zhao +3

Large language models have made strong reasoning gains through supervised fine-tuning, reinforcement learning, and on-policy distillation, yet these post-training methods are usual…

cs.IR2026

miniReranker: Efficient Multimodal Reranking through Visual Cache Reuse and Interaction Sparsity

Yingqi Fan, Xuan Lu, Anhao Zhao +6

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently shown strong potential as point-wise rerankers by directly modeling query--document relevance through next-token prediction.…

cs.LG2026

PowerOPD: Stabilizing On-Policy Distillation with Bounded Power Transformation

Anhao Zhao, Junlong Tong, Yingqi Fan +3

Standard on-policy distillation (OPD) for large language models estimates the reverse-KL objective using student-sampled tokens, yielding an unbiased single-sample Monte Carlo esti…

cs.CL2026

AdaSR: Adaptive Streaming Reasoning with Hierarchical Relative Policy Optimization

Junlong Tong, Wenqi Xu, Yingqi Fan +4

Large reasoning models typically follow a read-then-think paradigm: they observe the complete input, reason over a static context, and then produce the answer. Yet many real-world…

cs.LG2026

Escaping the KL Agreement Trap in On-Policy Distillation

Haoran Xin, Anhao Zhao, Ying Sun +3

On-policy distillation (OPD) provides dense token-level supervision by asking a teacher to score student-generated rollouts. However, when the student drifts into an unrecoverable…

cs.LG2026

Beyond FLOPs: Benchmarking Real Inference Acceleration of LLM Pruning under a GEMM-Centric Taxonomy

Haozhe Hu, Hao Wu, Anhao Zhao +4

Pruning has emerged as a dominant paradigm for accelerating large language model (LLM) inference, spanning a broad spectrum of methods that remove computation across tokens, layers…

cs.CL2026

ProactiveLLM: Learning Active Interaction for Streaming Large Language Models

Junlong Tong, Yao Zhang, Anhao Zhao +3

Standard Large Language Models (LLMs) follow a read-then-generate paradigm, causing unnecessary latency and computation. Streaming LLMs alleviate this issue by generating while rec…

cs.LG2026

Decoupling KL and Trajectories: A Unified Perspective for SFT, DAgger, Offline RL, and OPD in LLM Distillation

Anhao Zhao, Haoran Xin, Yingqi Fan +3

Knowledge distillation is central to LLM post-training, yet its design space remains poorly understood, especially alongside reinforcement learning (RL). We show that the prevailin…

cs.AR2026

SkipOPU: An FPGA-based Overlay Processor for Large Language Models with Dynamically Allocated Computation

Zicheng He, Anhao Zhao, Xiaoyu Shen +2

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks, but their inference efficiency remains a critical bottleneck due to rapidly growing…

cs.CV2026

What Do Visual Tokens Really Encode? Uncovering Sparsity and Redundancy in Multimodal Large Language Models

Yingqi Fan, Junlong Tong, Anhao Zhao +1

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) project visual tokens into the embedding space of language models, yet the internal structuring and processing of visual semantics remain p…

cs.AI2026

On-Policy Supervised Fine-Tuning for Efficient Reasoning

Anhao Zhao, Ziyang Chen, Junlong Tong +6

Large reasoning models (LRMs) are commonly trained with reinforcement learning (RL) to explore long chain-of-thought reasoning, achieving strong performance at high computational c…

cs.CV2026

ViCA: Efficient Multimodal LLMs with Vision-Only Cross-Attention

Wenjie Liu, Hao Wu, Xin Qiu +6

Modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs) adopt a unified self-attention design that processes visual and textual tokens at every Transformer layer, incurring substantial com…

cs.LG2026

From LLMs to LRMs: Rethinking Pruning for Reasoning-Centric Models

Longwei Ding, Anhao Zhao, Fanghua Ye +2

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly costly to deploy, motivating extensive research on model pruning. However, most existing studies focus on instruction-following LLMs,…

cs.CV2025

: Decoding Discontinuous Cross-Modal Dynamics for Efficient Multimodal LLMs

Yingqi Fan, Anhao Zhao, Jinlan Fu +5

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved strong performance across vision-language tasks, but suffer from significant computational overhead due to the quadratic grow…

cs.CL2025

StreamingThinker: Large Language Models Can Think While Reading

Junlong Tong, Yingqi Fan, Anhao Zhao +2

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in chain of thought (CoT) reasoning. However, the current LLM reasoning paradigm initiates thinking only afte…

cs.CL2025

SkipGPT: Dynamic Layer Pruning Reinvented with Token Awareness and Module Decoupling

Anhao Zhao, Fanghua Ye, Yingqi Fan +4

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable performance across tasks but incur substantial computational costs due to their deep, multi-layered architectures. Layer pruning has…

cs.CL2025

LLM as Effective Streaming Processor: Bridging Streaming-Batch Mismatches with Group Position Encoding

Junlong Tong, Jinlan Fu, Zixuan Lin +4

Large Language Models (LLMs) are primarily designed for batch processing. Existing methods for adapting LLMs to streaming rely either on expensive re-encoding or specialized archit…

cs.CL2025★ 1 cited

Reasoning Beyond Language: A Comprehensive Survey on Latent Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

Xinghao Chen, Anhao Zhao, Heming Xia +7

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on complex tasks through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, conventional CoT relies on explicitly verbalized…

cs.CL2024

Unveiling In-Context Learning: A Coordinate System to Understand Its Working Mechanism

Anhao Zhao, Fanghua Ye, Jinlan Fu +1

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities. However, the underlying working mechanism of ICL remains poorly understood. Recent research…