Tailoring the Growth of $\beta$-Tungsten Using Substrate Bias and Its Effect on FMR-Driven Spin Pumping in $\beta$-W/Py Heterostructures

Abhay Singh Rajawat, Naim Ahmad, Risvana Nasril +9

$\beta$-Tungsten ($\beta$-W), an A15 cubic phase of tungsten, exhibits a giant spin Hall angle compared to its bcc-phase $\alpha$-Tungsten ($\alpha$-W), making high-quality $\beta$-W films desirable for…