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20242026
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cs.CL2026

Fine-tuning vs. In-context Learning in Large Language Models: A Formal Language Learning Perspective

Bishwamittra Ghosh, Soumi Das, Till Speicher +5

Large language models (LLMs) operate in two fundamental learning modes - fine-tuning (FT) and in-context learning (ICL) - raising key questions about which mode yields greater lang…

cs.CL2026

In Agents We Trust, but Who Do Agents Trust? Latent Source Preferences Steer LLM Generations

Mohammad Aflah Khan, Mahsa Amani, Soumi Das +5

Agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being deployed as interfaces to information on online platforms. These agents filter, prioritize, and synthesize infor…

cs.CL2025

Hubble: a Model Suite to Advance the Study of LLM Memorization

Johnny Tian-Zheng Wei, Ameya Godbole, Mohammad Aflah Khan +7

We present Hubble, a suite of fully open-source large language models (LLMs) for the scientific study of LLM memorization. Hubble models come in standard and perturbed variants: st…

cs.CL2025

TokenSmith: Streamlining Data Editing, Search, and Inspection for Large-Scale Language Model Training and Interpretability

Mohammad Aflah Khan, Ameya Godbole, Johnny Tian-Zheng Wei +5

Understanding the relationship between training data and model behavior during pretraining is crucial, but existing workflows make this process cumbersome, fragmented, and often in…

cs.CL2024

QUENCH: Measuring the gap between Indic and Non-Indic Contextual General Reasoning in LLMs

Mohammad Aflah Khan, Neemesh Yadav, Sarah Masud +1

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has created a need for advanced benchmarking systems beyond traditional setups. To this end, we introduce QUENCH, a novel text-based Englis…

cs.CL20242 cited

Understanding Memorisation in LLMs: Dynamics, Influencing Factors, and Implications

Till Speicher, Mohammad Aflah Khan, Qinyuan Wu +5

Understanding whether and to what extent large language models (LLMs) have memorised training data has important implications for the reliability of their output and the privacy of…