Local hard and soft pinning of 180${}^{\circ }$ domain walls in BaTiO${}_3$ probed by in situ transmission electron microscopy

Reinis Ignatans, Dragan Damjanovic, Vasiliki Tileli

We report on the electric field response of 180 degree nanodomain walls in BaTiO${}_3$ using in situ electrical biasing in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The sample is biase…