activity
20222025
most citedCompute Trends Across Three Eras of Machine Learning

312 citations · 423 across the 4 of their papers we have counts for

collaborators

5 papers

cs.CY2025

Defending Compute Thresholds Against Legal Loopholes

Matteo Pistillo, Pablo Villalobos

Existing legal frameworks on AI rely on training compute thresholds as a proxy to identify potentially-dangerous AI models and trigger increased regulatory attention. In the United…

cs.AI2023

AI capabilities can be significantly improved without expensive retraining

Tom Davidson, Jean-Stanislas Denain, Pablo Villalobos +1

State-of-the-art AI systems can be significantly improved without expensive retraining via "post-training enhancements"-techniques applied after initial training like fine-tuning t…

cs.LG2022★ 82 cited

Will we run out of data? Limits of LLM scaling based on human-generated data

Pablo Villalobos, Anson Ho, Jaime Sevilla +3

We investigate the potential constraints on LLM scaling posed by the availability of public human-generated text data. We forecast the growing demand for training data based on cur…

cs.LG2022★ 29 cited

Machine Learning Model Sizes and the Parameter Gap

Pablo Villalobos, Jaime Sevilla, Tamay Besiroglu +3

We study trends in model size of notable machine learning systems over time using a curated dataset. From 1950 to 2018, model size in language models increased steadily by seven or…

cs.LG2022★ 312 cited

Compute Trends Across Three Eras of Machine Learning

Jaime Sevilla, Lennart Heim, Anson Ho +3

Compute, data, and algorithmic advances are the three fundamental factors that guide the progress of modern Machine Learning (ML). In this paper we study trends in the most readily…