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20232026
most citedHistory, Development, and Principles of Large Language Models-An Introductory Survey

9 citations · 30 across the 32 of their papers we have counts for

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28 papers · 1 filter

cs.CL2026

HNR-DAC: Hard-Negative Reranking and Distribution-Aligned Classification for Scientific Claim Verification

Zhenchao Wang, Xin Chen, Luoxi Zhang +2

Scientific claim verification over a cited paper requires predicting the claim--paper relation and identifying the paragraphs that justify that prediction. This setting poses two l…

cs.CL2026

SrDetection: A Self-Referential Framework for Data Leakage Detection in Code Large Language Models

Shuaimin Li, Liyang Fan, Zeyang Li +9

Evaluating code large language models (Code LLMs) requires reliable detection of data leakage, where benchmark performance is artificially inflated by exposure to benchmark data du…

cs.CL2026

Visual Merit or Linguistic Crutch? A Close Look at DeepSeek-OCR

Yunhao Liang, Ruixuan Ying, Bo Li +7

DeepSeek-OCR utilizes an optical 2D mapping approach to achieve high-ratio vision-text compression, claiming to decode text tokens exceeding ten times the input visual tokens. Whil…

cs.CL2025

Automatic Paper Reviewing with Heterogeneous Graph Reasoning over LLM-Simulated Reviewer-Author Debates

Shuaimin Li, Liyang Fan, Yufang Lin +5

Existing paper review methods often rely on superficial manuscript features or directly on large language models (LLMs), which are prone to hallucinations, biased scoring, and limi…

cs.CL2025

Probing the Difficulty Perception Mechanism of Large Language Models

Sunbowen Lee, Qingyu Yin, Chak Tou Leong +5

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed on complex reasoning tasks, yet little is known about their ability to internally evaluate problem difficulty, which is an es…

cs.CL2025★ 2 cited

A Survey on Large Language Model Benchmarks

Shiwen Ni, Guhong Chen, Shuaimin Li +11

In recent years, with the rapid development of the depth and breadth of large language models' capabilities, various corresponding evaluation benchmarks have been emerging in incre…

cs.CL2025

Expanding before Inferring: Enhancing Factuality in Large Language Models through Premature Layers Interpolation

Dingwei Chen, Ziqiang Liu, Feiteng Fang +6

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in text understanding and generation. However, their tendency to produce factually inconsistent outputs, commonly r…

cs.CL2025

IPBench: Benchmarking the Knowledge of Large Language Models in Intellectual Property

Qiyao Wang, Guhong Chen, Hongbo Wang +20

Intellectual Property (IP) is a highly specialized domain that integrates technical and legal knowledge, making it inherently complex and knowledge-intensive. Recent advancements i…

cs.CL2025★ 4 cited

SuperGPQA: Scaling LLM Evaluation across 285 Graduate Disciplines

P Team, Xinrun Du, Yifan Yao +94

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in mainstream academic disciplines such as mathematics, physics, and computer science. However, human knowledg…

cs.CL2025

Quantification of Large Language Model Distillation

Sunbowen Lee, Junting Zhou, Chang Ao +11

Model distillation is a fundamental technique in building large language models (LLMs), transferring knowledge from a teacher model to a student model. However, distillation can le…

cs.CL2025

xJailbreak: Representation Space Guided Reinforcement Learning for Interpretable LLM Jailbreaking

Sunbowen Lee, Shiwen Ni, Chi Wei +7

Safety alignment mechanism are essential for preventing large language models (LLMs) from generating harmful information or unethical content. However, cleverly crafted prompts can…

cs.CL2024

Pre-training, Fine-tuning and Re-ranking: A Three-Stage Framework for Legal Question Answering

Shiwen Ni, Hao Cheng, Min Yang

Legal question answering (QA) has attracted increasing attention from people seeking legal advice, which aims to retrieve the most applicable answers from a large-scale database of…

cs.CL2024

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model

Shiwen Ni, Haihong Wu, Di Yang +3

The quality of instruction data directly affects the performance of fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs). Previously, \cite{li2023one} proposed \texttt{NUGGETS}, which identifie…

cs.CL2024

AutoPatent: A Multi-Agent Framework for Automatic Patent Generation

Qiyao Wang, Shiwen Ni, Huaren Liu +8

As the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to advance, the field of patent processing has garnered increased attention within the natural language processing comm…

cs.CL2024

Educational-Psychological Dialogue Robot Based on Multi-Agent Collaboration

Shiwen Ni, Min Yang

Intelligent dialogue systems are increasingly used in modern education and psychological counseling fields, but most existing systems are limited to a single domain, cannot deal wi…

cs.CL2024

Can MLLMs Understand the Deep Implication Behind Chinese Images?

Chenhao Zhang, Xi Feng, Yuelin Bai +18

As the capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) continue to improve, the need for higher-order capability evaluation of MLLMs is increasing. However, there is a lac…

cs.CL2024

PersonaMath: Boosting Mathematical Reasoning via Persona-Driven Data Augmentation

Jing Luo, Longze Chen, Run Luo +12

While closed-source Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong mathematical problem-solving abilities, open-source models still face challenges with such tasks. To bridge this…

cs.CL2024

Training on the Benchmark Is Not All You Need

Shiwen Ni, Xiangtao Kong, Chengming Li +4

The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) relies heavily on the huge amount of pre-training data learned in the pre-training phase. The opacity of the pre-training process and th…

cs.CL2024

Lower Layers Matter: Alleviating Hallucination via Multi-Layer Fusion Contrastive Decoding with Truthfulness Refocused

Dingwei Chen, Feiteng Fang, Shiwen Ni +6

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across various natural language processing tasks. However, they occasionally generate inaccurate and counterf…

cs.CL2024

AgentCourt: Simulating Court with Adversarial Evolvable Lawyer Agents

Guhong Chen, Liyang Fan, Zihan Gong +8

Current research in LLM-based simulation systems lacks comprehensive solutions for modeling real-world court proceedings, while existing legal language models struggle with dynamic…

cs.CL2024★ 4 cited

DeliLaw: A Chinese Legal Counselling System Based on a Large Language Model

Nan Xie, Yuelin Bai, Hengyuan Gao +7

Traditional legal retrieval systems designed to retrieve legal documents, statutes, precedents, and other legal information are unable to give satisfactory answers due to lack of s…

cs.CL2024

II-Bench: An Image Implication Understanding Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models

Ziqiang Liu, Feiteng Fang, Xi Feng +23

The rapid advancements in the development of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have consistently led to new breakthroughs on various benchmarks. In response, numerous challe…

cs.CL2024★ 5 cited

COIG-CQIA: Quality is All You Need for Chinese Instruction Fine-tuning

Yuelin Bai, Xinrun Du, Yiming Liang +19

Remarkable progress on English instruction tuning has facilitated the efficacy and reliability of large language models (LLMs). However, there remains a noticeable gap in instructi…

cs.CL2024★ 3 cited

MoZIP: A Multilingual Benchmark to Evaluate Large Language Models in Intellectual Property

Shiwen Ni, Minghuan Tan, Yuelin Bai +9

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, there is limited understanding of how well LLMs p…