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20242026
most citedThe Strawberry Problem: Emergence of Character-level Understanding in Tokenized Language Models

1 citations · 1 across the 5 of their papers we have counts for

collaborators

6 papers

cs.CL2026

GAW-PO: Preference Optimization with Gradient-Aligned Token Weights

Andreea Dutulescu, Stefan Ruseti, Mihai Masala +2

Most preference optimization methods, such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), apply preference supervision at the response level, although autoregressive language models are…

cs.AI2026

Gumbel Machine: Counterfactual Student Writing Generation via Gumbel Noise Steering

Hunter McNichols, Alexander Scarlatos, Mihai Dascalu +2

An effective method of teaching across disciplines is to provide examples of high-quality work. However, an example may be significantly different from a student's current work, ma…

cs.CL2026

Value-Aware Numerical Representations for Transformer Language Models

Andreea Dutulescu, Stefan Ruseti, Mihai Dascalu

Transformer-based language models often achieve strong results on mathematical reasoning benchmarks while remaining fragile on basic numerical understanding and arithmetic operatio…

cs.CL2026

Training Language Models with homotokens Leads to Delayed Overfitting

Adrian Cosma, Stefan Ruseti, Emilian Radoi +1

Subword tokenization introduces a computational layer in language models where many distinct token sequences decode to the same surface form and preserve meaning, yet induce differ…

cs.CL2025★ 1 cited

The Strawberry Problem: Emergence of Character-level Understanding in Tokenized Language Models

Adrian Cosma, Stefan Ruseti, Emilian Radoi +1

Despite their remarkable progress across diverse domains, Large Language Models (LLMs) consistently fail at simple character-level tasks, such as counting letters in words, due to…

cs.CL2024

How Hard is this Test Set? NLI Characterization by Exploiting Training Dynamics

Adrian Cosma, Stefan Ruseti, Mihai Dascalu +1

Natural Language Inference (NLI) evaluation is crucial for assessing language understanding models; however, popular datasets suffer from systematic spurious correlations that arti…