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20232026
most citedMatrix Denoising with Doubly Heteroscedastic Noise: Fundamental Limits and Optimal Spectral Methods

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cs.LG2026

Grokking through the Lens of Minimum-Norm Interpolation

Gil Kur, Ileana Rugina, Clémentine Carla Juliette Dominé +1

Grokking shows that fitting the training data and learning the underlying signal can occur at very different stages. However, existing theories offer limited quantitative insight i…

cs.LG2026

-JEPA Spectral Anti-Collapse Regularization for Self-Supervised Learning

Berker Demirel, Clémentine Dominé, Valentino Maiorca +3

Joint-embedding self-supervised learning typically combines an invariance objective across augmented views with additional mechanisms to prevent representational collapse. These ob…

cs.LG2026

A Theory of How Pretraining Shapes Inductive Bias in Fine-Tuning

Nicolas Anguita, Francesco Locatello, Andrew M. Saxe +4

Pretraining and fine-tuning are central stages in modern machine learning systems. In practice, feature learning plays an important role across both stages: deep neural networks le…

cs.LG2025

Optimal Regularization for Performative Learning

Edwige Cyffers, Alireza Mirrokni, Marco Mondelli

In performative learning, the data distribution reacts to the deployed model - for example, because strategic users adapt their features to game it - which creates a more complex d…

cs.LG2025

Attention with Trained Embeddings Provably Selects Important Tokens

Diyuan Wu, Aleksandr Shevchenko, Samet Oymak +1

Token embeddings play a crucial role in language modeling but, despite this practical relevance, their theoretical understanding remains limited. Our paper addresses the gap by cha…

cs.LG2025

Neural Collapse is Globally Optimal in Deep Regularized ResNets and Transformers

Peter Súkeník, Christoph H. Lampert, Marco Mondelli

The empirical emergence of neural collapse -- a surprising symmetry in the feature representations of the training data in the penultimate layer of deep neural networks -- has spur…

cs.LG2025

Test-Time Training Provably Improves Transformers as In-context Learners

Halil Alperen Gozeten, M. Emrullah Ildiz, Xuechen Zhang +3

Test-time training (TTT) methods explicitly update the weights of a model to adapt to the specific test instance, and they have found success in a variety of settings, including mo…

cs.LG2025

Neural Collapse Beyond the Unconstrained Features Model: Landscape, Dynamics, and Generalization in the Mean-Field Regime

Diyuan Wu, Marco Mondelli

Neural Collapse is a phenomenon where the last-layer representations of a well-trained neural network converge to a highly structured geometry. In this paper, we focus on its first…

cs.LG2024

Wide Neural Networks Trained with Weight Decay Provably Exhibit Neural Collapse

Arthur Jacot, Peter Súkeník, Zihan Wang +1

Deep neural networks (DNNs) at convergence consistently represent the training data in the last layer via a highly symmetric geometric structure referred to as neural collapse. Thi…

cs.LG2024

Neural Collapse versus Low-rank Bias: Is Deep Neural Collapse Really Optimal?

Peter Súkeník, Marco Mondelli, Christoph Lampert

Deep neural networks (DNNs) exhibit a surprising structure in their final layer known as neural collapse (NC), and a growing body of works has currently investigated the propagatio…