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20232026
most citedDated Data: Tracing Knowledge Cutoffs in Large Language Models

9 citations · 34 across the 71 of their papers we have counts for

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cs.CL2026

Information Abundance Paradox: Long-Context Training Undermines Parametric Knowledge

Arda Uzunoglu, Benjamin Van Durme, Daniel Khashabi

Large language models are increasingly trained and deployed with long contexts that span documents, code repositories, and interaction histories. This scaling reflects the implicit…

cs.CL2026

Rethinking LoRA Memory Through the Lens of KV Cache Compression

Chunsheng Zuo, Liaoyaqi Wang, William Jurayj +2

Parametric retrieval augmentation encodes document information into lightweight, document-specific modules such as LoRA adapters, reducing the need to include all evidence as input…

cs.CL2026

DAR: Deontic Reasoning with Agentic Harnesses

Guangyao Dou, William Jurayj, Nils Holzenberger +1

Deontic reasoning is the task of answering questions by applying explicit rules and policies to case-specific facts, for example computing tax liability under a statute or determin…

cs.CL2026

Configurable Reward Model for Balanced Safety Alignment

Zhengping Jiang, Mehran Khodabandeh, Akash Bharadwaj +5

Aligning large language models (LLMs) to heterogeneous and rapidly evolving safety requirements remains a critical challenge. Existing instruction-tuned LLMs and standalone safety…

cs.CL2026

Weird Generalization is Weirdly Brittle

Miriam Wanner, Hannah Collison, William Jurayj +3

Weird generalization is a phenomenon in which models fine-tuned on data from a narrow domain (e.g. insecure code) develop surprising traits that manifest even outside that domain (…

cs.CL2026

Can Coding Agents Reproduce Findings in Computational Materials Science?

Ziyang Huang, Yi Cao, Ali K. Shargh +15

Large language models are increasingly deployed as autonomous coding agents and have achieved remarkably strong performance on software engineering benchmarks. However, it is uncle…

cs.CL2026

DeonticBench: A Benchmark for Reasoning over Rules

Guangyao Dou, Luis Brena, Akhil Deo +4

Reasoning with complex, context-specific rules remains challenging for large language models (LLMs). In legal and policy settings, this manifests as deontic reasoning: reasoning ab…

cs.CL2026

Are Finer Citations Always Better? Rethinking Granularity for Attributed Generation

Hexuan Wang, Jingyu Zhang, Benjamin Van Durme +1

Citation granularity -- whether to cite individual sentences, paragraphs, or documents -- is a critical design choice in attributed generation. While fine-grained citations are com…

cs.CL2026

Many-Tier Instruction Hierarchy in LLM Agents

Jingyu Zhang, Tianjian Li, William Jurayj +3

Large language model agents receive instructions from many sources-system messages, user prompts, tool outputs, other agents, and more-each carrying different levels of trust and a…

cs.CL2025

All Claims Are Equal, but Some Claims Are More Equal Than Others: Importance-Sensitive Factuality Evaluation of LLM Generations

Miriam Wanner, Leif Azzopardi, Paul Thomas +3

Existing methods for evaluating the factuality of large language model (LLM) responses treat all claims as equally important. This results in misleading evaluations when vital info…

cs.CL2025

SocialNLI: A Dialogue-Centric Social Inference Dataset

Akhil Deo, Kate Sanders, Benjamin Van Durme

Making theory-of-mind inferences from human dialogue is a strong indicator of a model's underlying social abilities, which are fundamental for adept AI assistants. However, large l…

cs.CL2025

Seeing Through the MiRAGE: Evaluating Multimodal Retrieval Augmented Generation

Alexander Martin, William Walden, Reno Kriz +5

We introduce MiRAGE, an evaluation framework for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) from multimodal sources. As audiovisual media becomes a more prevalent source of information o…

cs.CL2025

The Alignment Waltz: Jointly Training Agents to Collaborate for Safety

Jingyu Zhang, Haozhu Wang, Eric Michael Smith +7

Harnessing the power of LLMs requires a delicate dance between being helpful and harmless. This creates a fundamental tension between two competing challenges: vulnerability to adv…

cs.CL2025

SEQR: Secure and Efficient QR-based LoRA Routing

William Fleshman, Benjamin Van Durme

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become a standard technique for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large language models, enabling large libraries of LoRAs, each for a specific task…

cs.CL2025★ 4 cited

mmBERT: A Modern Multilingual Encoder with Annealed Language Learning

Marc Marone, Orion Weller, William Fleshman +3

Encoder-only languages models are frequently used for a variety of standard machine learning tasks, including classification and retrieval. However, there has been a lack of recent…

cs.CL2025

LoRA-Augmented Generation (LAG) for Knowledge-Intensive Language Tasks

William Fleshman, Benjamin Van Durme

The proliferation of fine-tuned language model experts for specific tasks and domains signals the need for efficient selection and combination methods. We propose LoRA-Augmented Ge…

cs.CL2025

Language Models and Logic Programs for Trustworthy Tax Reasoning

William Jurayj, Nils Holzenberger, Benjamin Van Durme

According to the United States Internal Revenue Service, ``the average American spends and 13 hours filing their taxes''. Even beyond the U.S., tax filing requires complex…

cs.CL2025★ 1 cited

Seq vs Seq: An Open Suite of Paired Encoders and Decoders

Orion Weller, Kathryn Ricci, Marc Marone +3

The large language model (LLM) community focuses almost exclusively on decoder-only language models, since they are easier to use for text generation. However, a large subset of th…

cs.CL2025★ 1 cited

Compactor: Calibrated Query-Agnostic KV Cache Compression with Approximate Leverage Scores

Vivek Chari, Benjamin Van Durme

Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly trained to support very large context windows. We present Compactor, a training-free, query-agnostic KV compression strategy th…

cs.CL2025

How Grounded is Wikipedia? A Study on Structured Evidential Support and Retrieval

William Walden, Kathryn Ricci, Miriam Wanner +4

Wikipedia is a critical resource for modern NLP, serving as a rich repository of up-to-date and citation-backed information on a wide variety of subjects. The reliability of Wikipe…

cs.CL2025

Jailbreak Distillation: Renewable Safety Benchmarking

Jingyu Zhang, Ahmed Elgohary, Xiawei Wang +5

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly deployed in critical applications, raising urgent needs for robust safety benchmarking. We propose Jailbreak Distillation (JBDistill), a no…

cs.CL2025

Always Tell Me The Odds: Fine-grained Conditional Probability Estimation

Liaoyaqi Wang, Zhengping Jiang, Anqi Liu +1

We present a state-of-the-art model for fine-grained probability estimation of propositions conditioned on context. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significant…

cs.CL2025

MICE for CATs: Model-Internal Confidence Estimation for Calibrating Agents with Tools

Nishant Subramani, Jason Eisner, Justin Svegliato +3

Tool-using agents that act in the world need to be both useful and safe. Well-calibrated model confidences can be used to weigh the risk versus reward of potential actions, but pri…

cs.CL2025

Certified Mitigation of Worst-Case LLM Copyright Infringement

Jingyu Zhang, Jiacan Yu, Marc Marone +2

The exposure of large language models (LLMs) to copyrighted material during pre-training raises concerns about unintentional copyright infringement post deployment. This has driven…