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20242026
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cs.CL2026

Metacognition as Reward: Reinforcing LLM Reasoning via Knowledge and Regulation Signals

Sirui Chen, Lei Xu, Yuying Zhao +6

Recent RL methods have substantially improved the reasoning abilities of LLMs. Existing reward designs mainly follow two paradigms: (1) Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewar…

cs.CL2026

Code as Agent Harness

Xuying Ning, Katherine Tieu, Dongqi Fu +39

Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding and generating code, from competitive programming to repository-level software engineerin…

cs.CL2026

Can Post-Training Transform LLMs into Causal Reasoners?

Junqi Chen, Sirui Chen, Chaochao Lu

Causal inference is essential for decision-making but remains challenging for non-experts. While large language models (LLMs) show promise in this domain, their precise causal esti…

cs.CL2026

CauScientist: Teaching LLMs to Respect Data for Causal Discovery

Bo Peng, Sirui Chen, Lei Xu +1

Causal discovery is fundamental to scientific understanding and reliable decision-making. Existing approaches face critical limitations: purely data-driven methods suffer from stat…

cs.CL2025

DEPO: Dual-Efficiency Preference Optimization for LLM Agents

Sirui Chen, Mengshi Zhao, Lei Xu +5

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved their reasoning and decision-making abilities when deployed as agents. Richer reasoning, however, often comes…

cs.CL2025

Synthesis by Design: Controlled Data Generation via Structural Guidance

Lei Xu, Sirui Chen, Yuxuan Huang +1

Mathematical reasoning remains challenging for LLMs due to complex logic and the need for precise computation. Existing methods enhance LLM reasoning by synthesizing datasets throu…