Mass transport in galaxy discs limits black hole growth to sub-Eddington rates

Daniel S. Eastwood, Sadegh Khochfar, Arthur Trew

Super-massive black holes (SMBHs) observed to have masses of $M_{\bullet }\sim 10^9{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ at $z\gtrsim 6$, $<1$ Gyr after the Big Bang, are thought to have been seeded…