Non-Equilibrium Multiplet Excitations probed by the $M_{5,4}$ Branching Ratio in $3d\to 4f$ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Tim Amrhein, Beyza Salantur, Ralph Püttner +6

We show that ultrafast electronic $4f$ multiplet transitions in terbium metal are manifested by changes in the relative spectral weight of the $M_5$ and $M_4$ X-ray absorption reso…