Net-charge particle ratio fluctuations in $pp$ collisions at several LHC energies

Subhadeep Paul, Tumpa Biswas, Dipak Ghosh +2

Event-by-event particle ratio fluctuations for simulated data sets of three different models named UrQMD, AMPT, and Pythia are studied using the fluctuation variable ${\nu }_{dyn}$. The…