Tunneling probability for the birth of universes with radiation, cosmological constant and an ad hoc potential

G. Oliveira-Neto, D. L. Canedo, G. A. Monerat

In this work we study the birth of Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) models with zero ($k=0$) and negative ($k=-1$) curvatures of the spatial sections. The material cont…