6 papers
Tailoring the first law of thermodynamics for convective flows
Karol Makuch
Equilibrium thermodynamics is grounded in the law of energy conservation, with a specific focus on how systems exchange energy with their environment during transitions between equ…
Direction of spontaneous processes in non-equilibrium systems with movable/permeable internal walls
Robert Hołyst, Paweł Jan Żuk, Anna Maciołek +2
The second law of equilibrium thermodynamics explains the direction of spontaneous processes in a system after removing internal constraints. When the system only exchanges energy…
The first law of thermodynamics in hydrodynamic steady and unsteady flows
Konrad Giżyński, Karol Makuch, Jan Paczesny +3
We studied planar compressible flows of ideal gas as models of a non-equilibrium thermodynamic system. We demonstrate that internal energy of such systems in station…
Parameters of state in the global thermodynamics of binary ideal gas mixtures in a stationary heat flow
Anna Maciolek, Robert Holyst, Karol Makuch +2
We formulate the first law of global thermodynamics for stationary states of the binary ideal gas mixture subjected to heat flow. We map the non-uniform system onto the uniform one…
Steady state thermodynamics of ideal gas in shear flow
Karol Makuch, Konrad Giżyński, Robert Hołyst +2
Equilibrium thermodynamics describes the energy exchange of a body with its environment. Here, we describe the global energy exchange of an ideal gas in the Coutte flow in a thermo…
Steady thermodynamic fundamental relation for the interacting system in a heat flow
Robert Hołyst, Karol Makuch, Konrad Giżyński +2
There is a long-standing question of whether it is possible to extend the formalism of equilibrium thermodynamics to the case of non-equilibrium systems in steady states. We have m…