19 papers
LLM Harms: A Taxonomy and Discussion
Kevin Chen, Saleh Afroogh, Abhejay Murali +3
This study addresses categories of harm surrounding Large Language Models (LLMs) in the field of artificial intelligence. It addresses five categories of harms addressed before, du…
From Text to Discovery: How Large Language Models Are Reshaping Research Across Scientific and Humanistic Disciplines
Saleh Afroogh, Yasser Pouresmaeil, Yiming Xu +3
Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly reshaping academic research across the natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities, yet the scientific community lacks a comprehensiv…
Beyond Explainable AI (XAI): An Overdue Paradigm Shift and Post-XAI Research Directions
Saleh Afroogh, Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed, Petra Ahrweiler +46
This study provides a cross-disciplinary examination of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) approaches-focusing on deep neural networks (DNNs) and large language models (LLMs…
Intelligent Environmental Empathy (IEE): A new power and platform to fostering green obligation for climate peace and justice
Saleh Afroogh, Ali Mostafavi, Junfeng Jiao
In this paper, we propose Intelligent Environmental Empathy (IEE) as a new driver for climate peace and justice, as an emerging issue in the age of big data. We first show that the…
Safe-Child-LLM: A Developmental Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Safety in Child-LLM Interactions
Junfeng Jiao, Saleh Afroogh, Kevin Chen +3
As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly power applications used by children and adolescents, ensuring safe and age-appropriate interactions has become an urgent ethical impera…
A Task-Driven Human-AI Collaboration: When to Automate, When to Collaborate, When to Challenge
Saleh Afroogh, Kush R. Varshney, Jason D'Cruz
According to several empirical investigations, despite enhancing human capabilities, human-AI cooperation frequently falls short of expectations and fails to reach true synergy. We…