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cs.CL2026

LEXam: Benchmarking Legal Reasoning on 340 Law Exams

Yu Fan, Jingwei Ni, Jakob Merane +14

Long-form legal reasoning remains a key challenge for large language models (LLMs) in spite of recent advances in test-time scaling. To address this, we introduce LEXam, a novel be…

cs.CL2026

Can Reasoning Help Large Language Models Capture Human Annotator Disagreement?

Jingwei Ni, Yu Fan, Vilém Zouhar +6

Variation in human annotation (i.e., disagreements) is common in NLP, often reflecting important information like task subjectivity and sample ambiguity. Modeling this variation is…

cs.CL2026

pdfQA: Diverse, Challenging, and Realistic Question Answering over PDFs

Tobias Schimanski, Imene Kolli, Yu Fan +4

PDFs are the second-most used document type on the internet (after HTML). Yet, existing QA datasets commonly start from text sources or only address specific domains. In this paper…

cs.CL2025

The Medium Is Not the Message: Deconfounding Document Embeddings via Linear Concept Erasure

Yu Fan, Yang Tian, Shauli Ravfogel +3

Embedding-based similarity metrics between text sequences can be influenced not just by the content dimensions we most care about, but can also be biased by spurious attributes lik…

cs.CL2025

Co-DETECT: Collaborative Discovery of Edge Cases in Text Classification

Chenfei Xiong, Jingwei Ni, Yu Fan +10

We introduce Co-DETECT (Collaborative Discovery of Edge cases in TExt ClassificaTion), a novel mixed-initiative annotation framework that integrates human expertise with automatic…