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20222026
most citedRobust-LLaVA: On the Effectiveness of Large-Scale Robust Image Encoders for Multi-modal Large Language Models

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cs.CV2026

ReACT-CLIP: Response-Aware Test-Time Defense for Vision--Language Models

Hashmat Shadab Malik, Toluwani Aremu, Samuele Poppi +2

Training-free test-time defenses offer a practical way to improve the adversarial robustness of CLIP-style vision--language models without modifying the pretrained model. However,…

cs.CV2026

CORTEX: A Structured Reasoning Benchmark for Trustworthy 3D Chest CT MLLMs

Hashmat Shadab Malik, Anees Ur Rehman Hashmi, Numan Saeed +3

Reasoning in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has shown strong promise in medical imaging. However, this reasoning is usually free-form text judged only by its final answer…

cs.CV2026

Beyond False Stability: High-Noise Drift Gating for Test-Time Adversarial Defenses in Vision-Language Models

Hashmat Shadab Malik, Muzammal Naseer, Salman Khan

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP show strong zero-shot generalization but remain highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Adversarial training improves robustness but is…

cs.CV2026

Investigating Adversarial Robustness of Multi-modal Large Language Models

Hashmat Shadab Malik, Muzammal Naseer, Salman Khan

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance on vision-language tasks, but incorporating visual inputs through a vision encoder (e.g., CLIP) substantially e…

cs.CV2025

Hierarchical Self-Supervised Adversarial Training for Robust Vision Models in Histopathology

Hashmat Shadab Malik, Shahina Kunhimon, Muzammal Naseer +2

Adversarial attacks pose significant challenges for vision models in critical fields like healthcare, where reliability is essential. Although adversarial training has been well st…

cs.CV2025

Robust-LLaVA: On the Effectiveness of Large-Scale Robust Image Encoders for Multi-modal Large Language Models

Hashmat Shadab Malik, Fahad Shamshad, Muzammal Naseer +3

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language tasks but remain vulnerable to visual adversarial perturbations that can induce hallucinations, manipulate respon…