35 citations · 98 across the 10 of their papers we have counts for
10 papers
The Dodona Protocol: A Living Design Science Experiment on Blockchain Oracles
Giulio Caldarelli
The oracle problem, broadly understood as the difficulty of reliably incorporating external information into blockchain-based systems, has been widely examined by scholars and prac…
From Multi-sig to DLCs: Modern Oracle Designs on Bitcoin
Giulio Caldarelli
Unlike Ethereum, which was conceived as a general-purpose smart-contract platform, Bitcoin was designed primarily as a transaction ledger for its native currency, which limits prog…
How DeFi Protocols Choose Oracle Providers: Evidence on Sourcing, Dependence, and Switching Costs
Giulio Caldarelli
As data is an essential asset for any DeFi application, selecting an oracle is a critical decision for its success. To date, academic research has mainly focused on improving oracl…
Two thousand years of the oracle problem. Insights from Ancient Delphi on the future of blockchain oracles
Giulio Caldarelli, Massimiliano Ornaghi
The oracle problem refers to the inability of an agent to know if the information coming from an oracle is authentic and unbiased. In ancient times, philosophers and historians deb…
Can Artificial Intelligence solve the blockchain oracle problem? Unpacking the Challenges and Possibilities
Giulio Caldarelli
The blockchain oracle problem, which refers to the challenge of injecting reliable external data into decentralized systems, remains a fundamental limitation to the development of…
Cool, But What About Oracles? An Oracle-Based Perspective on Blockchain Integration in the Accounting Field
Giulio Caldarelli
The Bitcoin Network is a sophisticated accounting system that allows its underlying cryptocurrency to be trusted even in the absence of a reliable financial authority. Given its un…
Investigating Assumptions and Proposals for Blockchain Integration in the Circular Economy. A Delphi Study
Giulio Caldarelli
Given the rising interest in the circular economy and blockchain hype, numerous integrations were proposed. However, studies on the practical feasibility were scarce, and the assum…
From Reality Keys to Oraclize. A Deep Dive into the History of Bitcoin Oracles
Giulio Caldarelli
Before the advent of alternative blockchains such as Ethereum, the future of decentralization was all in the hands of Bitcoin. Together with Nakamoto itself, early developers were…
Formalizing Oracle Trust Models for blockchain-based business applications. An example from the supply chain sector
Giulio Caldarelli
Blockchain technology truly opened the gate to a wave of unparalleled innovations; however, despite the rapidly growing load of hype, the integration into the business, apart from…
Wrapping trust for interoperability. A study of wrapped tokens
Giulio Caldarelli
As known, blockchains are traditionally blind to the real world. This implies the reliance on third parties called oracles when extrinsic data is needed for smart contracts. Howeve…