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20242026
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cs.LG2026

QuasiMoTTo: Quasi-Monte Carlo Test-Time Scaling

Michael Y. Li, Anthony Zhan, Kanishk Gandhi +2

Scaling inference compute, by generating many parallel attempts per problem, is a costly but reliable lever for improving language model capabilities. By default these attempts are…

cs.LG2026

Simplified Sparse Attention via Gist Tokens

Yuzhen Mao, Michael Y. Li, Emily B. Fox

Sparse attention can reduce the cost of long-context inference, but most variants introduce new architectural components. We introduce Simplified Sparse Attention (SSA), a simpler…

cs.LG2026

Neural Garbage Collection: Learning to Forget while Learning to Reason

Michael Y. Li, Jubayer Ibn Hamid, Emily B. Fox +1

Chain-of-thought reasoning has driven striking advances in language model capability, yet every reasoning step grows the KV cache, creating a bottleneck to scaling this paradigm fu…

cs.LG2026

What Should Embeddings Embed? Autoregressive Models Represent Latent Generating Distributions

Liyi Zhang, Michael Y. Li, R. Thomas McCoy +3

Autoregressive language models have demonstrated a remarkable ability to extract latent structure from text. The embeddings from large language models have been shown to capture as…

cs.LG2025

BoxingGym: Benchmarking Progress in Automated Experimental Design and Model Discovery

Kanishk Gandhi, Michael Y. Li, Lyle Goodyear +5

Understanding the world and explaining it with scientific theories is a central aspiration of artificial intelligence research. Proposing theories, designing experiments to test th…

cs.LG2025

Automated Hypothesis Validation with Agentic Sequential Falsifications

Kexin Huang, Ying Jin, Ryan Li +3

Hypotheses are central to information acquisition, decision-making, and discovery. However, many real-world hypotheses are abstract, high-level statements that are difficult to val…