activity
20222026
most citedA Survey of DeFi Security: Challenges and Opportunities

69 citations · 92 across the 35 of their papers we have counts for

collaborators

36 papers

cs.AI2026

RAGas: Retrieval-Augmented Gas Optimization for Smart Contracts with Continuous Knowledge Integration

Yishun Wang, Wenjin Yi, Wenkai Li +2

Ethereum is now integral to mission-critical sectors, including finance, healthcare, and supply chain management. Execution fees, commonly referred to as Gas, scale with the comput…

cs.CR2026

NFTDELTA: Detecting Permission Control Vulnerabilities in NFT Contracts through Multi-View Learning

Hailu Kuang, Xiaoqi Li, Wenkai Li +1

Permission control vulnerabilities in Non-fungible token (NFT) contracts can result in significant financial losses, as attackers may exploit these weaknesses to gain unauthorized…

cs.CR2026

PSR2: A Phase-based Semantic Reasoning Framework for Atomicity Violation Detection via Contract Refinement

Xiaoqi Li, Xin Wang, Wenkai Li +1

With the rapid advancement of decentralized applications, smart contract security faces severe challenges, particularly regarding atomicity violations in complex logic such as Orac…

cs.CR2026

Say Something Else: Rethinking Contextual Privacy as Information Sufficiency

Yunze Xiao, Wenkai Li, Xiaoyuan Wu +3

LLM agents increasingly draft messages on behalf of users, yet users routinely overshare sensitive information and disagree on what counts as private. Existing systems support only…

cs.CR2026

LiquiLM: Bridging the Semantic Gap in Liquidity Flaw Audit via DCN and LLMs

Zekai Liu, Xiaoqi Li, Wenkai Li +1

Traditional consensus mechanisms, such as Proof of Stake (PoS), increasingly reveal an excessive dependency on large liquidity providers. Although the Proof of Liquidity (PoL) mech…

cs.SE2026

SCPatcher: Automated Smart Contract Code Repair via Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Knowledge Graph

Xiaoqi Li, Shipeng Ye, Wenkai Li +1

Smart contract vulnerabilities can cause substantial financial losses due to the immutability of code after deployment. While existing tools detect vulnerabilities, they cannot eff…

cs.SE2026

LibScan: Smart Contract Library Misuse Detection with Iterative Feedback and Static Verification

Yishun Wang, Wenkai Li, Xiaoqi Li +3

Smart contracts are self-executing programs that manage financial transactions on blockchain networks. Developers commonly rely on third-party code libraries to improve both effici…

cs.CR2026

Defensible Design for OpenClaw: Securing Autonomous Tool-Invoking Agents

Zongwei Li, Wenkai Li, Xiaoqi Li

OpenClaw-like agents offer substantial productivity benefits, yet they are insecure by default because they combine untrusted inputs, autonomous action, extensibility, and privileg…

cs.CR2026

No More Hidden Pitfalls? Exposing Smart Contract Bad Practices with LLM-Powered Hybrid Analysis

Xiaoqi Li, Zongwei Li, Wenkai Li +2

As the Ethereum platform continues to mature and gain widespread usage, it is crucial to maintain high standards of smart contract writing practices. While bad practices in smart c…

cs.CR2026

AtomGraph: Tackling Atomicity Violation in Smart Contracts using Multimodal GCNs

Xiaoqi Li, Zongwei Li, Wenkai Li +2

Smart contracts are a core component of blockchain technology and are widely deployed across various scenarios. However, atomicity violations have become a potential security risk.…

cs.CR2026

USCSA: Evolution-Aware Security Analysis for Proxy-Based Upgradeable Smart Contracts

Xiaoqi Li, Lei Xie, Wenkai Li +1

In the case of upgrading smart contracts on blockchain systems, it is essential to consider the continuity of upgrades and subsequent maintenance. In practice, upgrade operations o…

cs.CR2025

ScamSweeper: Detecting Illegal Accounts in Web3 Scams via Transactions Analysis

Xiaoqi Li, Wenkai Li, Zhijie Liu +6

The web3 applications have recently been growing, especially on the Ethereum platform, starting to become the target of scammers. The web3 scams, imitating the services provided by…

cs.CR2025

CKG-LLM: LLM-Assisted Detection of Smart Contract Access Control Vulnerabilities Based on Knowledge Graphs

Xiaoqi Li, Hailu Kuang, Wenkai Li +2

Traditional approaches for smart contract analysis often rely on intermediate representations such as abstract syntax trees, control-flow graphs, or static single assignment form.…

cs.CR2025

Beyond the Hype: A Large-Scale Empirical Analysis of On-Chain Transactions in NFT Scams

Wenkai Li, Zongwei Li, Xiaoqi Li +3

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) serve as a representative form of digital asset ownership and have attracted numerous investors, creators, and tech enthusiasts in recent years. However,…

cs.CR2025

Penetrating the Hostile: Detecting DeFi Protocol Exploits through Cross-Contract Analysis

Xiaoqi Li, Wenkai Li, Zhiquan Liu +2

Decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols are crypto projects developed on the blockchain to manage digital assets. Attacks on DeFi have been frequent and have resulted in losses exce…

cs.CR2025

NATLM: Detecting Defects in NFT Smart Contracts Leveraging LLM

Yuanzheng Niu, Xiaoqi Li, Wenkai Li

Security issues are becoming increasingly significant with the rapid evolution of Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs). As NFTs are traded as digital assets, they have emerged as prime targe…

cs.CR2025★ 1 cited

MultiCFV: Detecting Control Flow Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts Leveraging Multimodal Deep Learning

Hongli Peng, Xiaoqi Li, Wenkai Li

The introduction of smart contract functionality marks the advent of the blockchain 2.0 era, enabling blockchain technology to support digital currency transactions and complex dis…

cs.CR2025

UEChecker: Detecting Unchecked External Call Vulnerabilities in DApps via Graph Analysis

Dechao Kong, Xiaoqi Li, Wenkai Li

The increasing number of attacks on the contract layer of DApps has resulted in economic losses amounting to $66 billion. Vulnerabilities arise when contracts interact with externa…

cs.CV2025

Towards Understanding Deep Learning Model in Image Recognition via Coverage Test

Wenkai Li, Xiaoqi Li, Yingjie Mao +1

Deep neural networks (DNNs) play a crucial role in the field of artificial intelligence, and their security-related testing has been a prominent research focus. By inputting test c…

cs.CR2025

Mining Characteristics of Vulnerable Smart Contracts Across Lifecycle Stages

Hongli Peng, Xiaoqi Li, Wenkai Li

Smart contracts are the cornerstone of decentralized applications and financial protocols, which extend the application of digital currency transactions. The applications and finan…

cs.CR2025

Enhancing Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection in DApps Leveraging Fine-Tuned LLM

Jiuyang Bu, Wenkai Li, Zongwei Li +2

Decentralized applications (DApps) face significant security risks due to vulnerabilities in smart contracts, with traditional detection methods struggling to address emerging and…

cs.CR2025★ 1 cited

SmartBugBert: BERT-Enhanced Vulnerability Detection for Smart Contract Bytecode

Jiuyang Bu, Wenkai Li, Zongwei Li +2

Smart contracts deployed on blockchain platforms are vulnerable to various security vulnerabilities. However, only a small number of Ethereum contracts have released their source c…

cs.CL2025

SCALM: Detecting Bad Practices in Smart Contracts Through LLMs

Zongwei Li, Xiaoqi Li, Wenkai Li +1

As the Ethereum platform continues to mature and gain widespread usage, it is crucial to maintain high standards of smart contract writing practices. While bad practices in smart c…

cs.SE2024

Guardians of the Ledger: Protecting Decentralized Exchanges from State Derailment Defects

Zongwei Li, Wenkai Li, Xiaoqi Li +1

The decentralized exchange (DEX) leverages smart contracts to trade digital assets for users on the blockchain. Developers usually develop several smart contracts into one project,…