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20212026
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cs.CL2026

EvoHarmBench: Breaking Content Moderation with Iterative Human-Like Evasion

Ruijie Jian, Benlei Cui, Ting Ma +8

Existing evaluations of harmful content detection rely predominantly on static benchmarks, which struggle to reflect the interactive adversarial ecosystem of real-world content pla…

cs.CL2026

Pass the Baton: Trajectory-Relayed On-Policy Distillation

Haolei Xu, Xiaowen Xu, Haiwen Hong +5

On-policy distillation (OPD) grounds token-level supervision in the student's own trajectory, yet suffers from prefix failure: once the student commits to a wrong reasoning directi…

cs.CL2026

Yuvion LLM: An Adversarially-Aware Large Language Model for Content And AI Safety

Ting Ma, Xiufeng Huang, Benlei Cui +43

As large language models are increasingly deployed in real-world systems, safety failures can still lead to harmful outputs and dangerous misuse. We argue that the essence of safet…

cs.CL2026

How LoRA Remembers? A Parametric Memory Law for LLM Finetuning

Ziwen Xu, Haiwen Hong, Linsong Yu +4

Large Language Models (LLMs) must continuously learn and update knowledge to remain effective in dynamic real-world environments. While Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is widely used fo…

cs.CL2026

How Controllable Are Large Language Models? A Unified Evaluation across Behavioral Granularities

Ziwen Xu, Kewei Xu, Haoming Xu +8

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in socially sensitive domains, yet their unpredictable behaviors, ranging from misaligned intent to inconsistent personality,…

cs.CL2026

Why Steering Works: Toward a Unified View of Language Model Parameter Dynamics

Ziwen Xu, Chenyan Wu, Hengyu Sun +9

Methods for controlling large language models (LLMs), including local weight fine-tuning, LoRA-based adaptation, and activation-based interventions, are often studied in isolation,…

cs.CL2026

YuFeng-XGuard: A Reasoning-Centric, Interpretable, and Flexible Guardrail Model for Large Language Models

Junyu Lin, Meizhen Liu, Xiufeng Huang +12

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, safety guardrails are required to go beyond coarse-grained filtering and support fine-grained,…

cs.CL2025

AIR: A Systematic Analysis of Annotations, Instructions, and Response Pairs in Preference Dataset

Bingxiang He, Wenbin Zhang, Jiaxi Song +11

Preference learning is critical for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, yet its success hinges on high-quality datasets comprising three core components: Prefe…