Outer Independent Roman Domination Number of Cartesian Product of Paths and Cycles

Hong Gao, Daoda Qiu, Shuyan Du +2

Given a graph $G$ with vertex set $V$, an outer independent Roman dominating function (OIRDF) is a function $f$ from $V(G)$ to $\{0,1,2\}$ for which every vertex with label $0$ u…