most citedResT: Reshaping Token-Level Policy Gradients for Tool-Use Large Language Models

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cs.LG2026

TREK: Distill to Explore, Reinforce to Refine

Yuanda Xu, Zhengze Zhou, Kayhan Behdin +10

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is effective when the current policy already samples useful reasoning trajectories, but it stalls on hard prompts whose correct solution m…

cs.LG2026

Beyond GRPO and On-Policy Distillation: An Empirical Sparse-to-Dense Reward Principle for Language-Model Post-Training

Yuanda Xu, Hejian Sang, Zhengze Zhou +3

In settings where labeled verifiable training data is the binding constraint, each checked example should be allocated to the model and reward density where it is most informative.…

cs.LG2026

ResRL: Boosting LLM Reasoning via Negative Sample Projection Residual Reinforcement Learning

Zihan Lin, Xiaohan Wang, Jie Cao +6

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) enhances reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) but usually exhibits limited generation diversity due to the over-incentivi…

cs.LG2026

Understanding and Mitigating Spurious Signal Amplification in Test-Time Reinforcement Learning for Math Reasoning

Yongcan Yu, Lingxiao He, Jian Liang +5

Test-time reinforcement learning (TTRL) always adapts models at inference time via pseudo-labeling, leaving it vulnerable to spurious optimization signals from label noise. Through…

cs.LG2026

Overconfident Errors Need Stronger Correction: Asymmetric Confidence Penalties for Reinforcement Learning

Yuanda Xu, Hejian Sang, Zhengze Zhou +2

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become the leading paradigm for enhancing reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, standard RLVR algorithms suf…