$M^3$ Scaling Law: Optimizing Multi-Epoch, Multi-Lingual, and Multi-Stage Training for Low-Resource Language Models

Kosuke Akimoto, Taiki Miyagawa, Masafumi Oyamada

In this paper, we study a fundamental design problem in pretraining Large Language Models (LLMs) for low-resource language regimes. Existing works adopt multi-epoch, multi-lingual,…