9 papers
A safety-oriented hypothetico-deductive framework for AI-assisted differential diagnosis
Fan Ma, Mauro Giuffrè, Donald Wright +12
Diagnostic error is a major threat to patient safety, yet current large language model (LLM) systems often treat diagnosis as a one-shot prediction task, lacking safeguards against…
Foundation Models to Unlock Real-World Evidence from Nationwide Medical Claims
Fan Ma, Yuntian Liu, Xiang Lan +22
Evidence derived from large-scale real-world data (RWD) is increasingly informing regulatory evaluation and healthcare decision-making. Administrative claims provide population-sca…
Toward Federated Large Language Models in Medicine: A Parameter-Efficient Framework for Privacy-Preserving, Multi-Institutional Adaptation
Anran Li, Yuanyuan Chen, Wenjun Long +16
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adapted for medical applications, but most are trained using data from a single institution because privacy and governance constraints…
Memorization in Large Language Models in Medicine: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Implications
Anran Li, Lingfei Qian, Mengmeng Du +18
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in medicine, with many studies adapting them through continued pre-training or fine-tuning on medical data to e…
Near-Lossless Model Compression Enables Longer Context Inference in DNA Large Language Models
Rui Zhu, Xiaopu Zhou, Haixu Tang +2
Trained on massive cross-species DNA corpora, DNA large language models (LLMs) learn the fundamental "grammar" and evolutionary patterns of genomic sequences. This makes them power…
LEME: Open Large Language Models for Ophthalmology with Advanced Reasoning and Clinical Validation
Hyunjae Kim, Xuguang Ai, Sahana Srinivasan +27
The rising prevalence of eye diseases poses a growing public health burden. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising path to reduce documentation workload and support clinica…