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20242026
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cs.LG2026

Optimistic Rates for Multiclass PAC Learning

Xiaoyu Li, Andi Han, Jiaojiao Jiang +1

Worst-case multiclass bounds do not become smaller when the best classifier is already nearly correct: what is missing is an optimistic rate, a guarantee whose fluctuation scales w…

cs.LG2026

Flood and Harvest: The Provable Necessity of Trivia for Generating Valuable Mathematics via the Lens of Language Generation in the Limit

Xiaoyu Li, Andi Han, Dai Shi +3

AI systems coupled to proof assistants now generate formal mathematics at scale, and the gap between what a checker can verify and what a mathematician would value has become the b…

cs.LG2026

SirenFNO: Efficient and Full Frequency Learning of Fourier Neural Operators

Pengqing Shi, Jie Yin, Stephen Tierney +1

Fourier neural operators (FNOs) are effective and efficient surrogates for approximating solutions of PDEs and generalize across discretizations. However, owing to the reliance on…

cs.LG2026

Learning Manifold and Itô Dynamics with Branched Neural Rough Differential Equations

Luke Thompson, Dai Shi, Lequan Lin +2

Neural rough differential equations (NRDEs) stay accurate under irregular sampling while taking far fewer integration steps than standard neural differential equations, summarising…

cs.LG2026

Contrastive Identification and Generation in the Limit

Xiaoyu Li, Andi Han, Jiaojiao Jiang +1

In the classical identification in the limit model of Gold [1967], a stream of positive examples is presented round by round, and the learner must eventually recover the target hyp…

cs.LG2026

ATOM: A Pretrained Neural Operator for Multitask Molecular Dynamics

Luke Thompson, Davy Guan, Dai Shi +3

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations underpin modern computational drug discovery, materials science, and biochemistry. Recent machine learning models provide high-fidelity MD predi…