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Review of Machine Learning Models for Solar Energetic Particle Prediction
Spiridon Kasapis, Pouya Hosseinzadeh, Kathryn Whitman +73
Solar energetic particle (SEP) events have attracted increasing attention due to their significant radiation hazards for aviation, spacecraft electronics, and human missions beyond…
First Detailed MeerKAT Imaging Spectroscopy of a Solar Flare
Yingjie Luo, Eduard P. Kontar, Roelf Du Toit Strauss +5
Radio observations provide powerful diagnostics of energy release, particle acceleration, and transport processes in solar flares. However, despite recent progress in radio interfe…
MeV-peaked electrons in a coronal source of a solar flare
Gregory D. Fleishman, Ivan Oparin, Gelu M. Nita +3
Analysis of γ-rays in solar flares has suggested a distinct continuum component dominating at MeV energies, which differs from the well-studied X-ray continuum produced by flare-ac…
Magneto-Thermal Coupling and Coronal Heating in Solar Active Regions Inferred from Microwave Observations
Alexey A. Kuznetsov, Gregory D. Fleishman, Gelu M. Nita +1
The solar corona is much hotter than the photosphere and chromosphere, but the physical mechanism responsible for heating the coronal plasma remains unidentified yet. The thermal m…
Modeling of AR 12760 with GX Simulator and Evidence for the Extended Transition Region in Peripheral Active Region Loops
Therese A. Kucera, Gelu M. Nita, James A. Klimchuk +1
In order to understand solar atmospheric heating it is important to test heating models against spatially resolved data from solar active regions. Here we model a small active regi…
Steady-State Heating of Diffuse Coronal Plasma in a Solar Active Region
Gregory D. Fleishman, Alexey A. Kuznetsov, Gelu M. Nita
Solar corona is much hotter than lower layers of the solar atmosphere-photosphere and chromosphere. The coronal temperature is up to 1MK in quiet sun areas, while up to several MK…
Time Series of Magnetic Field Parameters of Merged MDI and HMI Space-Weather Active Region Patches as Potential Tool for Solar Flare Forecasting
Paul A. Kosovich, Alexander G. Kosovichev, Viacheslav M. Sadykov +8
Solar flare prediction studies have been recently conducted with the use of Space-Weather MDI (Michelson Doppler Imager onboard Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) Active Region Pa…
Data-constrained 3D modeling of a solar flare evolution: acceleration, transport, heating, and energy budget
Gregory D. Fleishman, Gelu M. Nita, Galina G. Motorina
Solar flares are driven by release of the free magnetic energy and its conversion to other forms of energy -- kinetic, thermal, and nonthermal. Quantification of partitions between…
Statistical Study of the Correlation between Solar Energetic Particles and Properties of Active Regions
Russell D. Marroquin, Viacheslav Sadykov, Alexander Kosovichev +9
The flux of energetic particles originating from the Sun fluctuates during the solar cycles. It depends on the number and properties of Active Regions (ARs) present in a single day…
The Random Hivemind: An Ensemble Deep Learner Application to Solar Energetic Particle Prediction Problem
Patrick M. O'Keefe, Viacheslav Sadykov, Alexander Kosovichev +8
The application of machine learning and deep learning, including the wide use of non-ensemble, conventional neural networks (CoNN), for predicting various phenomena has become very…
Predicting Solar Proton Events of Solar Cycles 22-24 using GOES Proton & soft X-Ray flux features
Aatiya Ali, Viacheslav Sadykov, Alexander Kosovichev +9
Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events and their major subclass, Solar Proton Events (SPEs), can have unfavorable consequences on numerous aspects of life and technology, making the…
Data-Constrained Solar Modeling with GX Simulator
Gelu M. Nita, Gregory D. Fleishman, Alexey A. Kuznetsov +6
To facilitate the study of solar active regions and flaring loops, we have created a modeling framework, the freely distributed GX Simulator IDL package, that combines 3D magnetic…
Prediction of Solar Proton Events with Machine Learning: Comparison with Operational Forecasts and "All-Clear" Perspectives
Viacheslav Sadykov, Alexander Kosovichev, Irina Kitiashvili +7
Solar Energetic Particle events (SEPs) are among the most dangerous transient phenomena of solar activity. As hazardous radiation, SEPs may affect the health of astronauts in outer…
Energy budget of plasma motions, heating, and electron acceleration in a three-loop solar flare
Gregory D. Fleishman, Lucia Kleint, Galina G. Motorina +2
Non-potential magnetic energy promptly released in solar flares is converted to other forms of energy. This may include nonthermal energy of flare-accelerated particles, thermal en…
Coronal Heating Law Constrained by Microwave Gyroresonant Emission
Gregory D. Fleishman, Sergey A. Anfinogentov, Alexey G. Stupishin +2
The question why the solar corona is much hotter than the visible solar surface still puzzles solar researchers. Most theories of the coronal heating involve a tight coupling betwe…
Magnetic Reconnection During the Post-Impulsive Phase of a Long-Duration Solar Flare: Bi-Directional Outflows as a Cause of Microwave and X-ray Bursts
Sijie Yu, Bin Chen, Katharine K. Reeves +5
Magnetic reconnection plays a crucial role in powering solar flares, production of energetic particles, and plasma heating. However, where the magnetic reconnections occur, how and…
Measurement of magnetic field and relativistic electrons along a solar flare current sheet
Bin Chen, Chengcai Shen, Dale E. Gary +8
In the standard model of solar flares, a large-scale reconnection current sheet is postulated as the central engine for powering the flare energy release and accelerating particles…
Evolution of Flare-accelerated Electrons Quantified by Spatially Resolved Analysis
Natsuha Kuroda, Gregory D. Fleishman, Dale E. Gary +3
Nonthermal electrons accelerated in solar flares produce electromagnetic emission in two distinct, highly complementary domains - hard X-rays (HXRs) and microwaves (MWs). This pape…
Science with an ngVLA: ngVLA Observations of Coronal Magnetic Fields
Gregory D. Fleishman, Gelu M. Nita, Stephen M. White +2
Energy stored in the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere above active regions is a key driver of all solar activity (e.g., solar flares and coronal mass ejections), some of whic…
The coronal volume of energetic particles in solar flares as revealed by microwave imaging
Gregory D. Fleishman, Maria A. Loukitcheva, Varvara Yu. Kopnina +2
The spectrum of gyrosynchrotron emission from solar flares generally peaks in the microwave range. Its optically-thin, high-frequency component, above the spectral peak, is often u…
Microwave and Hard X-Ray Observations of the 2017 September 10 Solar Limb Flare
Dale E. Gary, Bin Chen, Brian R. Dennis +8
We report the first science results from the newly completed Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array (EOVSA), which obtained excellent microwave imaging spectroscopy observations of SOL2…
Revealing evolution of nonthermal electrons in solar flares using 3D modeling
Gregory D. Fleishman, Gelu M. Nita, Natsuha Kuroda +4
Understanding nonthermal particle generation, transport, and escape in solar flares requires detailed quantification of the particle evolution in the realistic 3D domain where the…
Three-dimensional Forward-fit Modeling of the Hard X-Ray and the Microwave Emissions of the 2015 June 22 M6.5 Flare
Natsuha Kuroda, Dale E. Gary, Haimin Wang +3
The well-established notion of a "common population" of the accelerated electrons simultaneously producing the hard X-ray (HXR) and the microwave (MW) emission during the flare imp…
A Large-scale Plume in an X-Class Solar Flare
Gregory D. Fleishman, Gelu M. Nita, Dale E. Gary
Ever-increasing multi-frequency imaging of solar observations suggests that solar flares often involve more than one magnetic fluxtube. Some of the fluxtubes are closed, while othe…