36 citations · 170 across the 8 of their papers we have counts for
3 papers · 1 filter
Magnetic storms during the space age: Occurrence and relation to varying solar activity
Kalevi Mursula, Timo Qvick, Lauri Holappa +1
We study the occurrence of magnetic storms in space age (1957-2021) using Dst and Dxt indices. We find 2526/2743 magnetic storms in the Dxt/Dst index, out of which 45% are weak, 40…
Occurrence of high-speed solar wind streams over the Grand Modern Maximum
Kalevi Mursula, Renata Lukianova, Lauri Holappa
In the declining phase of the solar cycle, when the new-polarity fields of the solar poles are strengthened by the transport of same-signed magnetic flux from lower latitudes, the…
A new method to estimate annual solar wind parameters and contributions of different solar wind structures to geomagnetic activity
Lauri Holappa, Kalevi Mursula, Timo Asikainen
In this paper, we study two sets of local geomagnetic indices from 26 stations using the principal component (PC) and the independent component (IC) analysis methods. We demonstrat…