GNSS Spoofing Detection in TDD Networks: A 3GPP Standards-Based Security Framework

Ravi Kant Sharma, John Owens, Kevin Kiernan

Time Division Duplex (TDD) mobile networks require synchronization accuracy of $\pm$1.5 $\hat{I}¼$s (3GPP TS 38.104), with GNSS-disciplined grandmaster clocks as the predominant timing s…