75 citations · 246 across the 26 of their papers we have counts for
33 papers
Active Liquidity On Chain: Evidence from PropAMMs Across Chains
Ozan Solmaz, Lioba Heimbach, Jason Milionis
The liquidity providers of most typical automated market makers (AMMs) are passive and known to suffer from adverse selection. AMMs traditionally rely on trades executed on them to…
No Place to Hide: An Analysis on Protected Order Flow Sandwich Attacks
Lioba Heimbach, Ozan Solmaz, Burak Öz +1
Front-running has long plagued Ethereum's public mempool, earning it the nickname of a "dark forest", where predators lurk for profitable transactions. In response, Ethereum and ot…
Cadence: Extreme Pipelining with Multiple Concurrent Proposers
Kushal Babel, Fatima Elsheimy, Lioba Heimbach +6
We present Cadence, a Byzantine fault-tolerant multi-proposer consensus protocol with arbitrarily low block intervals, optimal resilience, and optimal fast-path latency. Cadence di…
Censorship-Resistant Sealed-Bid Auctions on Blockchains
Orestis Alpos, Lioba Heimbach, Kartik Nayak +1
Auctions are now central to blockchain markets, settling NFT sales, token launches, DeFi liquidations, and arbitrage opportunities. Each on-chain bid is a public transaction whose…
EVM Workloads in the Wild: Evidence for Multi-Dimensional Gas Metering, State Growth, Delayed Execution, and Parallelism
Lioba Heimbach, Kushal Babel, Jason Milionis
Gas metering on EVM-compatible blockchains assumes that execution conditions are stable: that the resource mix is constant enough to justify collapsing execution costs into a singl…
Blockspace Under Pressure: An Analysis of Spam MEV on High-Throughput Blockchains
Wenhao Wang, Aditya Saraf, Lioba Heimbach +2
On high-throughput, low-fee blockchains, a qualitatively new form of maximal extractable value (MEV) has emerged: searchers submit large volumes of speculative transactions, whose…
Multiple Sides of 36 Coins: Measuring Peer-to-Peer Infrastructure Across Cryptocurrencies
Lucianna Kiffer, Lioba Heimbach, Dennis Trautwein +2
Blockchain technologies underpin an expanding ecosystem of decentralized applications, financial systems, and infrastructure. However, the fundamental networking layer that sustain…
Optimistic MEV in Ethereum Layer 2s: Why Blockspace Is Always in Demand
Ozan Solmaz, Lioba Heimbach, Yann Vonlanthen +1
Layer 2 rollups are rapidly absorbing DeFi activity, securing over $40 billion and accounting for nearly half of Ethereum's DEX volume by Q1 2025, yet their MEV dynamics remain und…
Transaction Fee Mechanism Design for Leaderless Blockchain Protocols
Pranav Garimidi, Lioba Heimbach, Tim Roughgarden
We initiate the study of transaction fee mechanism design for blockchain protocols in which multiple block producers contribute to the production of each block. Our contributions i…
The Early Days of the Ethereum Blob Fee Market and Lessons Learnt
Lioba Heimbach, Jason Milionis
Ethereum has adopted a rollup-centric roadmap to scale by making rollups (layer 2 scaling solutions) the primary method for handling transactions. The first significant step toward…
Transaction Fee Market Design for Parallel Execution
Bahar Acilan, Andrei Constantinescu, Lioba Heimbach +1
Given the low throughput of blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum, scalability - the ability to process an increasing number of transactions - has become a central focus of blockch…
On the Lifecycle of a Lightning Network Payment Channel
Florian Grötschla, Lioba Heimbach, Severin Richner +1
The Bitcoin Lightning Network, launched in 2018, serves as a layer 2 scaling solution for Bitcoin. The Lightning Network allows users to establish channels between each other and s…
Deanonymizing Ethereum Validators: The P2P Network Has a Privacy Issue
Lioba Heimbach, Yann Vonlanthen, Juan Villacis +2
Many blockchain networks aim to preserve the anonymity of validators in the peer-to-peer (P2P) network, ensuring that no adversary can link a validator's identifier to the IP addre…
Benchmarking GNNs Using Lightning Network Data
Rainer Feichtinger, Florian Grötschla, Lioba Heimbach +1
The Bitcoin Lightning Network is a layer 2 protocol designed to facilitate fast and inexpensive Bitcoin transactions. It operates by establishing channels between users, where Bitc…
SoK: Attacks on DAOs
Rainer Feichtinger, Robin Fritsch, Lioba Heimbach +2
Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) are blockchain-based organizations that facilitate decentralized governance. Today, DAOs not only hold billions of dollars in their tr…
Non-Atomic Arbitrage in Decentralized Finance
Lioba Heimbach, Vabuk Pahari, Eric Schertenleib
The prevalence of maximal extractable value (MEV) in the Ethereum ecosystem has led to a characterization of the latter as a dark forest. Studies of MEV have thus far largely been…
Dissecting the EIP-2930 Optional Access Lists
Lioba Heimbach, Quentin Kniep, Yann Vonlanthen +2
Ethereum introduced Transaction Access Lists (TALs) in 2020 to optimize gas costs during transaction execution. In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of TALs in Ethereu…
Ethereum Proof-of-Stake Consensus Layer: Participation and Decentralization
Dominic Grandjean, Lioba Heimbach, Roger Wattenhofer
In September 2022, Ethereum transitioned from Proof-of-Work (PoW) to Proof-of-Stake (PoS) during "the merge" - making it the largest PoS cryptocurrency in terms of market capitaliz…
The Potential of Self-Regulation for Front-Running Prevention on DEXes
Lioba Heimbach, Eric Schertenleib, Roger Wattenhofer
The transaction ordering dependency of the smart contracts building decentralized exchanges (DEXes) allow for predatory trading strategies. In particular, front-running attacks pre…
Ethereum's Proposer-Builder Separation: Promises and Realities
Lioba Heimbach, Lucianna Kiffer, Christof Ferreira Torres +1
With Ethereum's transition from Proof-of-Work to Proof-of-Stake in September 2022 came another paradigm shift, the Proposer-Builder Separation (PBS) scheme. PBS was introduced to d…
A Fair and Resilient Decentralized Clock Network for Transaction Ordering
Andrei Constantinescu, Diana Ghinea, Lioba Heimbach +2
Traditional blockchain design gives miners or validators full control over transaction ordering, i.e., they can freely choose which transactions to include or exclude, as well as i…
Base Fee Manipulation In Ethereum's EIP-1559 Transaction Fee Mechanism
Sarah Azouvi, Guy Goren, Lioba Heimbach +1
In 2021 Ethereum adjusted the transaction pricing mechanism by implementing EIP-1559, which introduces the base fee - a network fee that is burned and dynamically adjusts to the ne…
DeFi and NFTs Hinder Blockchain Scalability
Lioba Heimbach, Quentin Kniep, Yann Vonlanthen +1
Many classical blockchains are known to have an embarrassingly low transaction throughput, down to Bitcoin's notorious seven transactions per second limit.Various proposals and imp…
DeFi Lending During The Merge
Lioba Heimbach, Eric Schertenleib, Roger Wattenhofer
Lending protocols in decentralized finance enable the permissionless exchange of capital from lenders to borrowers without relying on a trusted third party for clearing or market-m…