Large diameter TiO${}_2$ nanotubes enable integration of conformed hierarchical and blocking layers for enhanced dye-sensitized solar cell efficiency

Abdelhamid Elzarka, Ning Liu, Imgon Hwang +2

In the present work we grow anodic TiO${}_2$ nanotube layer with tube diameter ~ 500 nm and an open tube mouth. We use this morphology in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and show…