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20192025
most citedExploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer

3.7k citations · 6.8k across the 18 of their papers we have counts for

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cs.LG2025

Exploring and Mitigating Adversarial Manipulation of Voting-Based Leaderboards

Yangsibo Huang, Milad Nasr, Anastasios Angelopoulos +10

It is now common to evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) by having humans manually vote to evaluate model outputs, in contrast to typical benchmarks that evaluate knowledge or ski…

cs.LG2023★ 83 cited

Scalable Extraction of Training Data from (Production) Language Models

Milad Nasr, Nicholas Carlini, Jonathan Hayase +7

This paper studies extractable memorization: training data that an adversary can efficiently extract by querying a machine learning model without prior knowledge of the training da…

cs.LG2023★ 1 cited

Reverse-Engineering Decoding Strategies Given Blackbox Access to a Language Generation System

Daphne Ippolito, Nicholas Carlini, Katherine Lee +2

Neural language models are increasingly deployed into APIs and websites that allow a user to pass in a prompt and receive generated text. Many of these systems do not reveal genera…

cs.LG2022★ 20 cited

Preventing Verbatim Memorization in Language Models Gives a False Sense of Privacy

Daphne Ippolito, Florian Tramèr, Milad Nasr +5

Studying data memorization in neural language models helps us understand the risks (e.g., to privacy or copyright) associated with models regurgitating training data and aids in th…

cs.LG2022★ 15 cited

Measuring Forgetting of Memorized Training Examples

Matthew Jagielski, Om Thakkar, Florian Tramèr +8

Machine learning models exhibit two seemingly contradictory phenomena: training data memorization, and various forms of forgetting. In memorization, models overfit specific trainin…

cs.LG2022★ 166 cited

Quantifying Memorization Across Neural Language Models

Nicholas Carlini, Daphne Ippolito, Matthew Jagielski +3

Large language models (LMs) have been shown to memorize parts of their training data, and when prompted appropriately, they will emit the memorized training data verbatim. This is…

cs.LG2019★ 3.7k cited

Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer

Colin Raffel, Noam Shazeer, Adam Roberts +6

Transfer learning, where a model is first pre-trained on a data-rich task before being fine-tuned on a downstream task, has emerged as a powerful technique in natural language proc…