On the emergence of the Navier-Stokes-$\alpha$ model for turbulent channel flows

Ciprian Foias, Jing Tian, Bingsheng Zhang

In a series of papers (see \cite{CDT02} and the pertinent references therein) the 3D Navier-Stokes-$\alpha$ model were shown to be a useful complement to the 3D Navier-Stokes equations;…