Anna Karenina Strikes Again: Pre-Trained LLM Embeddings May Favor High-Performing Learners

Abigail Gurin Schleifer, Beata Beigman Klebanov, Moriah Ariely +1

Unsupervised clustering of student responses to open-ended questions into behavioral and cognitive profiles using pre-trained LLM embeddings is an emerging technique, but little is…